Contents

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Preface

1 Backup and Recovery Overview

Backup and Recovery: Basic Concepts

Oracle Backups: Basic Concepts

Oracle Recovery: Basic Concepts

Errors and Failures Requiring Recovery

Media Failure

User Error

Database Instance Failure

Statement Failure

Process Failure

Network Failure

Data Structures Used for Database Recovery

Redo Logs

Rollback and Undo Segments

Control Files

Database Archiving Modes

NOARCHIVELOG Mode

ARCHIVELOG Mode

Oracle's Backup and Recovery Solutions

System Requirements for Backup and Recovery Methods

Feature Comparison of Backup Methods

2 Backup Principles

Physical and Logical Backups

Physical Backups

Logical Backups

Whole Database and Partial Database Backups

Whole Database Backups

Tablespace Backups

Datafile Backups

Control File Backups

Archived Redo Log Backups

Consistent and Inconsistent Backups

Consistent Backup

Inconsistent Backup

Online and Offline Backups

Backups of Online Tablespaces and Datafiles

Backups of Offline Tablespaces and Datafiles

RMAN and User-Managed Backups

RMAN Backups

User-Managed Backups

3 Recovery Principles

Types of Oracle Recovery

Instance and Crash Recovery

Media Recovery

Redo Application During Recovery

About Redo Application

Cache Recovery

Transaction Recovery

Complete and Incomplete Media Recovery

Complete Recovery

Incomplete Recovery

RMAN and User-Managed Restore and Recovery

RMAN Restore and Recovery

User-Managed Restore and Recovery

4 Backup and Recovery Strategies

Backup Strategies

Obeying the Golden Rule of Backup and Recovery

Choosing the Database Archiving Mode

Multiplexing Control Files, Online Redo Logs, and Archived Redo Logs

Performing Backups Frequently and Regularly

Performing Backups Before and After You Make Structural Changes

Backing Up Often-Used Tablespaces

Performing Backups After Unrecoverable Operations

Performing Whole Database Backups After Opening with the RESETLOGS Option

Archiving Older Backups

Knowing the Constraints for Distributed Database Backups

Exporting Data for Added Protection and Flexibility

Avoiding the Backup of Online Redo Logs

Keeping Records of the Hardware and Software Configuration of the Server

Restore and Recovery Strategies

Testing Backup and Recovery Strategies

Validating Backups and Restores Using RMAN

Planning a Response to Media Failures

Planning a Response to Datafile Block Corruption

Planning the Response to Non-Media Failures

Glossary

Index