COALESCE

Syntax

coalesce::=

Text description of coalesce

Purpose

COALESCE returns the first non-null expr in the expression list. At least one expr must not be the literal NULL. If all occurrences of expr evaluate to null, then the function returns null.

This function is a generalization of the NVL function.

You can also use COALESCE as a variety of the CASE expression. For example,

COALESCE (expr1, expr2)

is equivalent to:

CASE WHEN expr1 IS NOT NULL THEN expr1 ELSE expr2 END

Similarly,

COALESCE (expr1, expr2, ..., exprn), for n>=3

is equivalent to:

CASE WHEN expr1 IS NOT NULL THEN expr1 
   ELSE COALESCE (expr2, ..., exprn) END

Examples

The following example uses the sample oe.product_information table to organize a "clearance sale" of products. It gives a 10% discount to all products with a list price. If there is no list price, then the sale price is the minimum price. If there is no minimum price, then the sale price is "5":

SELECT product_id, list_price, min_price,
   COALESCE(0.9*list_price, min_price, 5) "Sale"
   FROM product_information
   WHERE supplier_id = 102050;

PRODUCT_ID LIST_PRICE  MIN_PRICE       Sale
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
      2382        850        731        765
      3355                                5
      1770                    73         73
      2378        305        247      274.5
      1769         48                  43.2