Kemalpasa county is located 29 km from the city of Izmir. It has an area of 660 km2 ha including 35 km river basin.

Kemalpasa county has been industrialized since 1970 rather rapidly from an agricultural state. This development was unorganized resulting in severe pollution problems.

An Organized Industrial Area was planned in 1991 and implemented in 1994. This area is 410 ha and only 69% of it is used at the present time. Because of a need for further industrialization, this area is planed to increase to 1000 ha in the near future.

Due to location of Kemalpasa county, domestic and industrial wastewaters are discharged to Gediz river by Nif creek and than to the Aegean Sea. This situation adds another dimension to the pollution problems in the area.

Investigations on Hazard Potential of

Uncontrolled Landfill Areas.

Environmental Pollution Control Unit (1992)

Solid Waste Control Unit is in change of the following duties.

* determination of present status,

* investigation of hazard potential,

* decision making.

As a starting point, questionnaires were distributed to 6 municipalities and 120 companies in the county. By using the answered questionnaires:

Studies on uncontrolled landfills were completed in 1995. Types and amounts of solid wastes, hydrogeological characteristics of the area, durations of utilizations and environmental impacts were investigated.

75 uncontrolled landfill areas (1.7 ha)

more detailed studies were carried out on 21 of those landfills.(96% of the total landfill area)

only one unused uncontrolled landfill.

Solid waste production per capita per day is around 0.87- 0.95.

The land in the county has a permeable (K_f=10^-4 - 10^-6) and capillary structure.

Table 1 : Sources and types of solid wastes generated in Kemalpasa county.

Meaning Code	Sources of solid wastes	Meaning Code	Types of solid wastes
A	Ulucak Municipality	a	Domestic and commercial wastes
B	Kemalpasa Municipality	b	Domestic wastes
C	Yukarikizilca Municipality	c	Construction rubble and excavation wastes
D	Armutlu Municipality	d	Slaughterhouse wastes
E	Ören Municipality	e	Dead poultry wastes
F	Bagyurdu Municipal.	f	Animal dungs
G	Villages	g	Food industries wastes
H	Petrols stations	h	Metal industries wastew. Treatment sludges
I	Restaurants, markets	I	Floor plate industry wastew. Treatment sludges
J	Slaughterhouse	j	Marble industries wastew. Treatment sludges
K	Animal farm	k	Marble product wastes
L	Factories constriction activities	l	Ceramic industries wastew. Treatment sludges
M	Food industries	m	Old paper industries wastew. treatment sludges
N	Metal industries	n	Asbestosis
O	Floor plate industries	o	Tannery product wastes
P	Marble industries	p	Tannery industries wastew. Treatment sludges
R	Ceramic industries	r	Textile product wastes
S	Old papers industries	s	Hazardous treatment sludge
T	Tannery industries	t	Other solid waste types
U	Textile industries
V	Brake lining indust.
W	Other solid waste sources

Table 2 : Distribution of uncontrolled landfill sites and their solid waste characteristics located in Kemalpasa County

Site

Code

Located on

to or edge of

the surface

water bad

Landfill

area

(m²)

Sources of solid wastes

Types of solid wastes

Potential Pollution Areas

Surface

water

Ground

water

Soil body

Air quality

1940

L,H,I

c,b

1420

600

f,b

200

2220

450

4630

O,P

i,j

2220

14860

O,P,T,Y

k*,j*,i*,p,n

2570

N,O,J,M,S,LW,H,I,K,R

c*,f,b,m,l,rs,d,e,y

24200

R,O,T,S,N,UK,M,J,L,H,PW

l*,c*,p*,j,I,o,m,b,d,g,h,r,s,t,k,f,e

4000

9400

BM,N,T,L

a*,c*,b,g,o

4000

1950

a*,f

1080

350

650

17580

D,M

a*,g*,f

850

67750

F,J,K

a*,f,d

other

6900

G,W

a*,f*,t

Others: The total of the other 54 small uncontrolled landfill areas.

* The dominant types of solid wastes.

Studies on Improvement of Uncontrolled Landfills in the County

Status and hazard potential of uncontrolled landfills were determined in 1996-1997.

It was decided to close 36 of the uncontrolled landfills.

Hazardous wastes in uncontrolled landfills were determined and the responsible companies were required to collect and transfer their wastes to the sanitary landfill in Harmandalı County. The amount of hazardous waste transferred was about 400 tons.

The closed uncontrolled landfills, especially the ones near the Nif Creek were covered by soil and more than 3000 trees were planted on the area.

Every municipality within the County was required to designate sanitary landfill areas and provide disinfection by lime treatment.

More than 2000 solid waste containers were distributed to the Villages in order to collect solid wastes properly. For proper utilization of municipal solid wastes, the wastes will be collected and stored separately at the sources.

Solid wastes and sludges generated by nearly 24 companies in Kemalpaşa are classified as hazardous wastes. These wastes are transferred to the sanitary landfill in Harmandalı County. About 1425 tons, 10280 tons and 13000 tons of solid wastes were collected and transferred to Harmandalı in 1995, 1996 and 1997 (until October), respectively.

Relevant collection companies were warned not to collect solid wastes and sludges without municipalities’ permissions.

Environmental Laws and Regulations were reinforced for unlawful actions. Even the transfer of sludge from one wastewater treatment plant to the other for inoculation purposes was done under the supervision of the Solid Waste Control Unit.

Company officials in the county are educated and trained to recover and reuse some wastes including wastewater treatment sludges. Nearly 30 companies in the county were capable of recovering and reusing solid wastes and sludges, partially.

Excess sludge free of hazardous waste are dried in shallow beds and are used for filling landfills. Areas need to be filled were determined and are prepared for filling with sludges which have less than 65% water content.

Certain areas were designated for discharge of excavated soil and dried sludges. Companies generating solid wastes are traced and controlled by the Solid Waste Control Unit to avoid unlawful discharges besides the designated areas. Any unlawful discharge was punished by a penalty and the waste was transferred to Harmandalı sanitary landfill area.

The ultimate goal is to close uncontrolled landfills and to use only one sanitary landfill area. Environmental Impact studies are underway for three designated sanitary landfill areas.

Results and Discussion

As a result aforementioned studies carried out since 1992 solid waste problem has been largely resolved, in Kemalpaţa.

Future plans and goals will also be accomplished in this area with the colloboration of industry, municipality and the people.