Turistik Yörelerde Güç Ekonomik Koşullar Altìnda Uygulanabilir Çevre Teknolojileri
8-10 Eylül 1997 Tarihlerinde
Marmaris Hisarönü GOLDEN KEY HOTEL ' de
Solid Waste Disposal in Tourist Areas in Turkey
Prof. Dr. Ertugrul ERDIN
Dokuz Eylül Ünìversìtesì Mühendislik Fakültesi
Çevre Mühendisliºi Bölümü Bornova - IZMIR
Abstract
In the past a few years, tourìsts understood that Turkey is a tourism paradies. Summer tourism which was a great importance in the economy of Turkey is mostly collected at Agean, Mediterranaean Regions and İstanbul, because of unpolluted and beautiful beaches , historical and cultural treasures .
But in these regions, especially at summer time, the infrastructure becomes in sufficient, and uncontrolled pollutions appear because of increament seen in population. By the effect of these pollutans, the natural treasures and beauties of Turkey corrupt and the balance of the ecosystem shifts to the negative side. The quantity and quality of solid and liquid wastes change. The problems are increasing which are be soluted. Selection, design and application of the processes should go through engineering mentality . At the same time Environmental impact Asessment reports muss be prepared.
Famous touristic places like Kuşadasì, Bodrum and Marmaris have both a sewerage system and a sea outfall system, a treatment plant on these areas.
From solid waste analyses done for Marmaris, Bodrum and Turgutreis, average values of important materialm groups were obtained, and their thermal values and fuel need were calculated. In these areas are the organic matter content very high. Also in order to decrease the fuel need, materials with high thermal values from collected solid wastes are going to be used with the fuel in burning process. From time to time increas the using of the compressible trucks. But these kinds of trucks change the quality of solid waste. Through , if these materials can be collected seperately , then solid waste quality can be increased. They are many touristic areas in Turkey , but the first prority regions are Agean and Mediterranae Areaes.Growth rate of tourism is very high.In these aeraes , drinkwater , wastewater and solid waste problems should be solved in short time.
The waste composting can encounter ecological miss developments in the Third World and raise the living standard of the populatìon at the same time transforming already existing waste to a soil conditioner. The Europe applied technology must not just transfer in developing countries, for the solution of wastes problems. Therefore, those designs, which are searched for the solutions of the problems, have to beplanned suitably. Usully, in Turkey used the solid waste recovery and recycling like following : a) sorting at source , b) recovery from refuse receptacles , c) recovery at the treatment and disposal site.
There are many composting facilities in Turkey, from there two factory in İZMİR with equal processing capasities. With the exception of a mechanised composting plant that had been established more than 29 years ago in İZMİR. The nominal capacity is 160 tons per days for 16 operational hours, but in praxis 200 tons. The product is sold as coarse compost or screened over 15-20 mm screens to produce fine compost. In the last few years, there are any turkish industrial company, which are made composting plants under technological condition in our country.Composting technology will be increasing by the next future time.