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Lab
2.3.4 OSI Model and TCP/IP - Overview
Estimated time: 20 min.
Objectives:
This Lab will focus on your ability to accomplish the following
tasks:
- Describe the 4 layers of the TCP/IP model
- Relate the seven layers of the OSI model to the 4 layers of
the TCP/IP model
- Name the primary TCP/IP protocols and utilities that operate
at each layer
Background:
This lab will help you develop a better understanding of the seven layers of the OSI model as they relate to the most popular functioning networking model in existence, the TCP/IP model.
The
Internet is based on TCP/IP which has become the standard language
of networking. Although the TCP/IP model is the most widely used,
the 7 layers of the OSI model are the ones most commonly used to
describe and compare networking software and hardware from various
vendors. It is very important to know both the OSI and TCP/IP models
and be able to relate (or map) the layers of one to the other. An
understanding of the TCP/IP model and the protocols and utilities
that operate at each layer is essential when troubleshooting.
Tools / Preparation:
You may work individually or in teams. The following resources will be required:
- PC workstation with Monitor, keyboard, mouse, and power cords
- Windows operating system (Win 95, 98, NT or 2000) installed on
PC
- NIC installed and Cat 5 patch cable with connection to the
Internet
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Browser
software installed (Netscape Navigator 4.6.1 or higher or
Internet Explorer 5.1 or higher
-
Java,
JavaScript, and Style Sheets (must be enabled in your browser's
preference settings)
-
Flash
plug-in (Curriculum version 2.1 only)
-
Apple
QuickTime, RealPlayer G2 and ShockWave Macromedia browser
plug-ins (Curriculum version 1 and 2 only)
- Sample Ethernet and Token Ring NICs with different connectors
(Coax, AUI, RJ-45)
- Sample Hubs, Switches and Routers
Notes:
Step 1 – The OSI
model and associated TCP/IP protocol stack layer.
Task: Fill
out the following charts based on your knowledge of the OSI model
and TCP/IP models.
Explanation: Your understanding of the OSI model as it relates
to the TCP/IP model will greatly
increase your ability to absorb and categorize networking
information as you learn it.
1. List the 7 layers of the OSI model from the top to the bottom
with the proper name for each layer. List the TCP/IP layer number and
its correct name in the next columns. Also list the term used for the
encapsulation units, the related TCP/IP protocols / utilities and the
devices that operate at each layer. NOTE: More than one OSI layer will
be related to certain TCP/IP layers.
OSI comparison with TCP/IP Protocol Stack
| OSI # |
OSI Layer Name |
TCP/IP # |
TCP/IP Layer name |
Encapsul. Units |
TCP/IP Protocols
At each TCP/IP layer |
TCP Utilities |
| 7 |
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| 6 |
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| 5 |
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| 4 |
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| 3 |
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| 2 |
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| 1 |
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