Contents

List of Examples

List of Figures

List of Tables

Title and Copyright Information

Preface

Documentation Accessibility

Related Documentation

What's New in Database Utilities?

New Features in Oracle Database 10g Release 2

New Features in Oracle Database 10g Release 1

Part I Oracle Data Pump

1 Overview of Oracle Data Pump

Data Pump Components

What New Features Do Data Pump Export and Import Provide?

How Does Data Pump Access Data?

Direct Path Loads and Unloads

External Tables

Accessing Data Over a Database Link

What Happens During Execution of a Data Pump Job?

Coordination of a Job

Tracking Progress Within a Job

Filtering Data and Metadata During a Job

Transforming Metadata During a Job

Maximizing Job Performance

Loading and Unloading of Data

Monitoring Job Status

Monitoring the Progress of Executing Jobs

File Allocation

Specifying Files and Adding Additional Dump Files

Default Locations for Dump, Log, and SQL Files

Using Directory Objects When Automatic Storage Management Is Enabled

Setting Parallelism

Using Substitution Variables

Moving Data Between Different Database Versions

Original Export and Import Versus Data Pump Export and Import

2 Data Pump Export

What Is Data Pump Export?

Invoking Data Pump Export

Data Pump Export Interfaces

Data Pump Export Modes

Full Export Mode

Tablespace Mode

Transportable Tablespace Mode

Network Considerations

Filtering During Export Operations

Metadata Filters

Parameters Available in Export's Command-Line Mode

ENCRYPTION_PASSWORD

TRANSPORT_FULL_CHECK

TRANSPORT_TABLESPACES

How Data Pump Export Parameters Map to Those of the Original Export Utility

Commands Available in Export's Interactive-Command Mode

CONTINUE_CLIENT

Examples of Using Data Pump Export

Performing a Table-Mode Export

Data-Only Unload of Selected Tables and Rows

Estimating Disk Space Needed in a Table-Mode Export

Performing a Schema-Mode Export

Performing a Parallel Full Database Export

Using Interactive Mode to Stop and Reattach to a Job

Syntax Diagrams for Data Pump Export

3 Data Pump Import

What Is Data Pump Import?

Invoking Data Pump Import

Data Pump Import Interfaces

Data Pump Import Modes

Full Import Mode

Tablespace Mode

Transportable Tablespace Mode

Network Considerations

Filtering During Import Operations

Metadata Filters

Parameters Available in Import's Command-Line Mode

ENCRYPTION_PASSWORD

REMAP_TABLESPACE

REUSE_DATAFILES

SKIP_UNUSABLE_INDEXES

STREAMS_CONFIGURATION

TABLE_EXISTS_ACTION

TRANSPORT_DATAFILES

TRANSPORT_FULL_CHECK

TRANSPORT_TABLESPACES

How Data Pump Import Parameters Map to Those of the Original Import Utility

Commands Available in Import's Interactive-Command Mode

CONTINUE_CLIENT

Examples of Using Data Pump Import

Performing a Data-Only Table-Mode Import

Performing a Schema-Mode Import

Performing a Network-Mode Import

Syntax Diagrams for Data Pump Import

4 Data Pump Performance

Data Performance Improvements for Data Pump Export and Import

Tuning Performance

Controlling Resource Consumption

Initialization Parameters That Affect Data Pump Performance

Setting the Size Of the Buffer Cache In a Streams Environment

5 The Data Pump API

How Does the Client Interface to the Data Pump API Work?

What Are the Basic Steps in Using the Data Pump API?

Examples of Using the Data Pump API

Part II SQL*Loader

6 SQL*Loader Concepts

SQL*Loader Features

SQL*Loader Parameters

SQL*Loader Control File

Input Data and Datafiles

Fixed Record Format

Variable Record Format

Stream Record Format

Logical Records

LOBFILEs and Secondary Datafiles (SDFs)

Data Conversion and Datatype Specification

Discarded and Rejected Records

SQL*Loader Rejects

Oracle Database Rejects

The Discard File

Log File and Logging Information

Conventional Path Loads, Direct Path Loads, and External Table Loads

Conventional Path Loads

Direct Path Loads

Parallel Direct Path

External Table Loads

Choosing External Tables Versus SQL*Loader

Loading Objects, Collections, and LOBs

Supported Object Types

Supported Collection Types

Supported LOB Types

Partitioned Object Support

Application Development: Direct Path Load API

SQL*Loader Case Studies

Case Study Files

Running the Case Studies

Case Study Log Files

Checking the Results of a Case Study

7 SQL*Loader Command-Line Reference

Invoking SQL*Loader

Alternative Ways to Specify Parameters

Command-Line Parameters

BINDSIZE (maximum size)

COLUMNARRAYROWS

CONTROL (control file)

DATA (datafile)

DIRECT (data path)

DISCARD (filename)

DISCARDMAX (integer)

ERRORS (errors to allow)

Restrictions When Using EXTERNAL_TABLE

FILE (file to load into)

LOAD (records to load)

PARALLEL (parallel load)

PARFILE (parameter file)

READSIZE (read buffer size)

RESUMABLE_TIMEOUT

ROWS (rows per commit)

SILENT (feedback mode)

SKIP (records to skip)

SKIP_INDEX_MAINTENANCE

SKIP_UNUSABLE_INDEXES

USERID (username/password)

Exit Codes for Inspection and Display

8 SQL*Loader Control File Reference

Control File Contents

Comments in the Control File

Specifying Command-Line Parameters in the Control File

Specifying Filenames and Object Names

Filenames That Conflict with SQL and SQL*Loader Reserved Words

Specifying SQL Strings

Operating System Considerations

Specifying a Complete Path

Backslash Escape Character

Nonportable Strings

Using the Backslash as an Escape Character

Escape Character Is Sometimes Disallowed

Identifying XML Type Tables

Specifying Datafiles

Examples of INFILE Syntax

Specifying Multiple Datafiles

Identifying Data in the Control File with BEGINDATA

Specifying Datafile Format and Buffering

Specifying the Bad File

Examples of Specifying a Bad File Name

How Bad Files Are Handled with LOBFILEs and SDFs

Criteria for Rejected Records

Specifying the Discard File

Specifying the Discard File in the Control File

Specifying the Discard File from the Command Line

Examples of Specifying a Discard File Name

Criteria for Discarded Records

How Discard Files Are Handled with LOBFILEs and SDFs

Limiting the Number of Discarded Records

Handling Different Character Encoding Schemes

Multibyte (Asian) Character Sets

Unicode Character Sets

Database Character Sets

Datafile Character Sets

Input Character Conversion

Considerations When Loading Data into VARRAYs or Primary-Key-Based REFs

CHARACTERSET Parameter

Control File Character Set

Character-Length Semantics

Interrupted Loads

Discontinued Conventional Path Loads

Discontinued Direct Path Loads

Load Discontinued Because of Space Errors

Load Discontinued Because Maximum Number of Errors Exceeded

Load Discontinued Because of Fatal Errors

Load Discontinued Because a Ctrl+C Was Issued

Status of Tables and Indexes After an Interrupted Load

Using the Log File to Determine Load Status

Continuing Single-Table Loads

Assembling Logical Records from Physical Records

Using CONCATENATE to Assemble Logical Records

Using CONTINUEIF to Assemble Logical Records

Loading Logical Records into Tables

Specifying Table Names

INTO TABLE Clause

Table-Specific Loading Method

Loading Data into Empty Tables

Loading Data into Nonempty Tables

Table-Specific OPTIONS Parameter

Loading Records Based on a Condition

Using the WHEN Clause with LOBFILEs and SDFs

Specifying Default Data Delimiters

termination_spec

Handling Short Records with Missing Data

TRAILING NULLCOLS Clause

SORTED INDEXES Clause

SINGLEROW Option

Benefits of Using Multiple INTO TABLE Clauses

Extracting Multiple Logical Records

Relative Positioning Based on Delimiters

Distinguishing Different Input Record Formats

Relative Positioning Based on the POSITION Parameter

Distinguishing Different Input Row Object Subtypes

Loading Data into Multiple Tables

Bind Arrays and Conventional Path Loads

Size Requirements for Bind Arrays

Performance Implications of Bind Arrays

Specifying Number of Rows Versus Size of Bind Array

Calculations to Determine Bind Array Size

Determining the Size of the Length Indicator

Calculating the Size of Field Buffers

Minimizing Memory Requirements for Bind Arrays

Calculating Bind Array Size for Multiple INTO TABLE Clauses

9 Field List Reference

Field List Contents

Specifying the Position of a Data Field

Using POSITION with Data Containing Tabs

Using POSITION with Multiple Table Loads

Examples of Using POSITION

Specifying Columns and Fields

Specifying Filler Fields

Specifying the Datatype of a Data Field

SQL*Loader Datatypes

Nonportable Datatypes

Portable Datatypes

Datetime and Interval Datatypes

GRAPHIC EXTERNAL

Numeric EXTERNAL

Conflicting Native Datatype Field Lengths

Field Lengths for Length-Value Datatypes

Datatype Conversions

Datatype Conversions for Datetime and Interval Datatypes

Specifying Delimiters

TERMINATED Fields

ENCLOSED Fields

Syntax for Termination and Enclosure Specification

Delimiter Marks in the Data

Maximum Length of Delimited Data

Loading Trailing Blanks with Delimiters

Conflicting Field Lengths for Character Datatypes

Predetermined Size Fields

Delimited Fields

Date Field Masks

Specifying Field Conditions

Comparing Fields to BLANKS

Comparing Fields to Literals

Using the WHEN, NULLIF, and DEFAULTIF Clauses

Examples of Using the WHEN, NULLIF, and DEFAULTIF Clauses

Loading Data Across Different Platforms

Specifying Byte Order

Using Byte Order Marks (BOMs)

Suppressing Checks for BOMs

Loading All-Blank Fields

Trimming Whitespace

Datatypes for Which Whitespace Can Be Trimmed

Specifying Field Length for Datatypes for Which Whitespace Can Be Trimmed

Predetermined Size Fields

Delimited Fields

Relative Positioning of Fields

No Start Position Specified for a Field

Previous Field Terminated by a Delimiter

Previous Field Has Both Enclosure and Termination Delimiters

Leading Whitespace

Previous Field Terminated by Whitespace

Optional Enclosure Delimiters

Trimming Trailing Whitespace

Trimming Enclosed Fields

How the PRESERVE BLANKS Option Affects Whitespace Trimming

How [NO] PRESERVE BLANKS Works with Delimiter Clauses

Applying SQL Operators to Fields

Referencing Fields

Common Uses of SQL Operators in Field Specifications

Combinations of SQL Operators

Using SQL Strings with a Date Mask

Interpreting Formatted Fields

Using SQL Strings to Load the ANYDATA Database Type

Using SQL*Loader to Generate Data for Input

Loading Data Without Files

Setting a Column to a Constant Value

CONSTANT Parameter

Setting a Column to an Expression Value

EXPRESSION Parameter

Setting a Column to the Datafile Record Number

RECNUM Parameter

Setting a Column to the Current Date

SYSDATE Parameter

Setting a Column to a Unique Sequence Number

SEQUENCE Parameter

Generating Sequence Numbers for Multiple Tables

Example: Generating Different Sequence Numbers for Each Insert

10 Loading Objects, LOBs, and Collections

Loading Column Objects

Loading Column Objects in Stream Record Format

Loading Column Objects in Variable Record Format

Loading Nested Column Objects

Loading Column Objects with a Derived Subtype

Specifying Null Values for Objects

Specifying Attribute Nulls

Specifying Atomic Nulls

Loading Column Objects with User-Defined Constructors

Loading Object Tables

Loading Object Tables with a Subtype

Loading REF Columns

System-Generated OID REF Columns

Primary Key REF Columns

Unscoped REF Columns That Allow Primary Keys

Loading LOB Data from a Primary Datafile

LOB Data in Predetermined Size Fields

LOB Data in Delimited Fields

LOB Data in Length-Value Pair Fields

Loading LOB Data from LOBFILEs

Dynamic Versus Static LOBFILE Specifications

Examples of Loading LOB Data from LOBFILEs

Considerations When Loading LOBs from LOBFILEs

Loading BFILE Columns

Loading Collections (Nested Tables and VARRAYs)

Restrictions in Nested Tables and VARRAYs

Secondary Datafiles (SDFs)

Dynamic Versus Static SDF Specifications

Loading a Parent Table Separately from Its Child Table

Memory Issues When Loading VARRAY Columns

11 Conventional and Direct Path Loads

Data Loading Methods

Loading ROWID Columns

Conventional Path Load

Conventional Path Load of a Single Partition

When to Use a Conventional Path Load

Direct Path Load

Data Conversion During Direct Path Loads

Direct Path Load of a Partitioned or Subpartitioned Table

Direct Path Load of a Single Partition or Subpartition

Advantages of a Direct Path Load

Restrictions on Using Direct Path Loads

Restrictions on a Direct Path Load of a Single Partition

When to Use a Direct Path Load

Integrity Constraints

Field Defaults on the Direct Path

Loading into Synonyms

Using Direct Path Load

Setting Up for Direct Path Loads

Specifying a Direct Path Load

Building Indexes

Improving Performance

Temporary Segment Storage Requirements

Indexes Left in an Unusable State

Using Data Saves to Protect Against Data Loss

Using the ROWS Parameter

Data Save Versus Commit

Data Recovery During Direct Path Loads

Media Recovery and Direct Path Loads

Instance Recovery and Direct Path Loads

Loading Long Data Fields

Loading Data As PIECED

Optimizing Performance of Direct Path Loads

Preallocating Storage for Faster Loading

Presorting Data for Faster Indexing

SORTED INDEXES Clause

Multiple-Column Indexes

Choosing the Best Sort Order

Infrequent Data Saves

Minimizing Use of the Redo Log

Disabling Archiving

Specifying the SQL*Loader UNRECOVERABLE Clause

Setting the SQL NOLOGGING Parameter

Specifying the Number of Column Array Rows and Size of Stream Buffers

Specifying a Value for the Date Cache

Optimizing Direct Path Loads on Multiple-CPU Systems

Avoiding Index Maintenance

Direct Loads, Integrity Constraints, and Triggers

Integrity Constraints

Enabled Constraints

Disabled Constraints

Reenable Constraints

Database Insert Triggers

Replacing Insert Triggers with Integrity Constraints

When Automatic Constraints Cannot Be Used

Using an Update Trigger

Duplicating the Effects of Exception Conditions

Using a Stored Procedure

Permanently Disabled Triggers and Constraints

Increasing Performance with Concurrent Conventional Path Loads

Parallel Data Loading Models

Concurrent Conventional Path Loads

Intersegment Concurrency with Direct Path

Intrasegment Concurrency with Direct Path

Restrictions on Parallel Direct Path Loads

Initiating Multiple SQL*Loader Sessions

Parameters for Parallel Direct Path Loads

Using the FILE Parameter to Specify Temporary Segments

Enabling Constraints After a Parallel Direct Path Load

PRIMARY KEY and UNIQUE KEY Constraints

General Performance Improvement Hints

Part III External Tables

12 External Tables Concepts

How Are External Tables Created?

Access Parameters

Location of Datafiles and Output Files

Example: Creating and Loading an External Table Using ORACLE_LOADER

Using External Tables to Load and Unload Data

Unloading Data Using the ORACLE_DATAPUMP Access Driver

Dealing with Column Objects

Datatype Conversion During External Table Use

Parallel Access to External Tables

Parallel Access with ORACLE_LOADER

Parallel Access with ORACLE_DATAPUMP

Performance Hints When Using External Tables

Performance Hints Specific to the ORACLE_LOADER Access Driver

External Table Restrictions

Restrictions Specific to the ORACLE_DATAPUMP Access Driver

Behavior Differences Between SQL*Loader and External Tables

Multiple Primary Input Datafiles

Syntax and Datatypes

Byte-Order Marks

Default Character Sets, Date Masks, and Decimal Separator

Use of the Backslash Escape Character

13 The ORACLE_LOADER Access Driver

access_parameters Clause

record_format_info Clause

DATA IS...ENDIAN

BYTEORDERMARK (CHECK | NOCHECK)

STRING SIZES ARE IN

BADFILE | NOBADFILE

DISCARDFILE | NODISCARDFILE

LOG FILE | NOLOGFILE

[directory object name:] filename

range start : range end

field_definitions Clause

Example: External Table with Terminating Delimiters

Example: External Table with Enclosure and Terminator Delimiters

Example: External Table with Optional Enclosure Delimiters

MISSING FIELD VALUES ARE NULL

pos_spec Clause

datatype_spec Clause

[UNSIGNED] INTEGER [EXTERNAL] [(len)]

DECIMAL [EXTERNAL] and ZONED [EXTERNAL]

Floating-Point Numbers

FLOAT [EXTERNAL]

date_format_spec

VARCHAR and VARRAW

VARCHARC and VARRAWC

init_spec Clause

column_transforms Clause

lobfile_attr_list

Reserved Words for the ORACLE_LOADER Access Driver

14 The ORACLE_DATAPUMP Access Driver

access_parameters Clause

LOGFILE | NOLOGFILE

Filenames for LOGFILE

Example of LOGFILE Usage for ORACLE_DATAPUMP

Effects of Using the SQL ENCRYPT Clause

Unloading and Loading Data with the ORACLE_DATAPUMP Access Driver

Parallel Loading and Unloading

Combining Dump Files

Supported Datatypes

Unsupported Datatypes

Unloading and Loading BFILE Datatypes

Unloading LONG and LONG RAW Datatypes

Unloading and Loading Columns Containing Final Object Types

Tables of Final Object Types

Reserved Words for the ORACLE_DATAPUMP Access Driver

Part IV Other Utilities

15 DBVERIFY: Offline Database Verification Utility

Using DBVERIFY to Validate Disk Blocks of a Single Datafile

Command-Line Interface

Sample DBVERIFY Output

Using DBVERIFY to Validate a Segment

Command-Line Interface

16 DBNEWID Utility

What Is the DBNEWID Utility?

Ramifications of Changing the DBID and DBNAME

Considerations for Global Database Names

Changing the DBID and DBNAME of a Database

Changing the DBID and Database Name

Changing Only the Database ID

Changing Only the Database Name

Troubleshooting DBNEWID

Restrictions and Usage Notes

Additional Restrictions for Releases Prior to Oracle Database 10g

17 Using LogMiner to Analyze Redo Log Files

LogMiner Benefits

Introduction to LogMiner

LogMiner Configuration

Sample Configuration

Directing LogMiner Operations and Retrieving Data of Interest

LogMiner Dictionary Files and Redo Log Files

LogMiner Dictionary Options

Using the Online Catalog

Extracting a LogMiner Dictionary to the Redo Log Files

Extracting the LogMiner Dictionary to a Flat File

Redo Log File Options

Starting LogMiner

Querying V$LOGMNR_CONTENTS for Redo Data of Interest

How the V$LOGMNR_CONTENTS View Is Populated

Querying V$LOGMNR_CONTENTS Based on Column Values

The Meaning of NULL Values Returned by the MINE_VALUE Function

Usage Rules for the MINE_VALUE and COLUMN_PRESENT Functions

Filtering and Formatting Data Returned to V$LOGMNR_CONTENTS

Showing Only Committed Transactions

Skipping Redo Corruptions

Filtering Data by Time

Filtering Data by SCN

Formatting Reconstructed SQL Statements for Reexecution

Formatting the Appearance of Returned Data for Readability

Reapplying DDL Statements Returned to V$LOGMNR_CONTENTS

Calling DBMS_LOGMNR.START_LOGMNR Multiple Times

Supplemental Logging

Database-Level Supplemental Logging

Minimal Supplemental Logging

Database-Level Identification Key Logging

Disabling Database-Level Supplemental Logging

Table-Level Supplemental Logging

Table-Level Identification Key Logging

Table-Level User-Defined Supplemental Log Groups

Usage Notes for User-Defined Supplemental Log Groups

Tracking DDL Statements in the LogMiner Dictionary

DDL_DICT_TRACKING and Supplemental Logging Settings

DDL_DICT_TRACKING and Specified Time or SCN Ranges

Accessing LogMiner Operational Information in Views

Querying V$LOGMNR_LOGS

Querying Views for Supplemental Logging Settings

Steps in a Typical LogMiner Session

Enable Supplemental Logging

Extract a LogMiner Dictionary

Specify Redo Log Files for Analysis

Query V$LOGMNR_CONTENTS

End the LogMiner Session

Examples Using LogMiner

Examples of Mining by Explicitly Specifying the Redo Log Files of Interest

Example 1: Finding All Modifications in the Last Archived Redo Log File

Example 2: Grouping DML Statements into Committed Transactions

Example 3: Formatting the Reconstructed SQL

Example 4: Using the LogMiner Dictionary in the Redo Log Files

Example 5: Tracking DDL Statements in the Internal Dictionary

Example 6: Filtering Output by Time Range

Examples of Mining Without Specifying the List of Redo Log Files Explicitly

Example 1: Mining Redo Log Files in a Given Time Range

Example 2: Mining the Redo Log Files in a Given SCN Range

Example 3: Using Continuous Mining to Include Future Values in a Query

Example Scenarios

Scenario 1: Using LogMiner to Track Changes Made by a Specific User

Scenario 2: Using LogMiner to Calculate Table Access Statistics

Supported Datatypes, Storage Attributes, and Database and Redo Log File Versions

Supported Datatypes and Table Storage Attributes

Unsupported Datatypes and Table Storage Attributes

Supported Databases and Redo Log File Versions

18 Using the Metadata API

Why Use the Metadata API?

Overview of the Metadata API

Using the Metadata API to Retrieve an Object's Metadata

Typical Steps Used for Basic Metadata Retrieval

Retrieving Multiple Objects

Placing Conditions on Transforms

Accessing Specific Metadata Attributes

Using the Metadata API to Re-Create a Retrieved Object

Retrieving Collections of Different Object Types

Filtering the Return of Heterogeneous Object Types

Performance Tips for the Programmatic Interface of the Metadata API

Example Usage of the Metadata API

What Does the Metadata API Example Do?

Output Generated from the GET_PAYROLL_TABLES Procedure

Summary of DBMS_METADATA Procedures

19 Original Export and Import

What Are the Export and Import Utilities?

Before Using Export and Import

Running catexp.sql or catalog.sql

Ensuring Sufficient Disk Space for Export Operations

Verifying Access Privileges for Export and Import Operations

Invoking Export and Import

Invoking Export and Import As SYSDBA

Command-Line Entries

Parameter Files

Interactive Mode

Restrictions When Using Export's Interactive Method

Getting Online Help

Importing Objects into Your Own Schema

Importing Grants

Importing Objects into Other Schemas

Importing System Objects

Processing Restrictions

Table Objects: Order of Import

Importing into Existing Tables

Manually Creating Tables Before Importing Data

Disabling Referential Constraints

Manually Ordering the Import

Effect of Schema and Database Triggers on Import Operations

Export and Import Modes

Table-Level and Partition-Level Export

Table-Level Export

Partition-Level Export

Table-Level and Partition-Level Import

Guidelines for Using Table-Level Import

Guidelines for Using Partition-Level Import

Migrating Data Across Partitions and Tables

Export Parameters

Example: Calculating Buffer Size

Points to Consider for Full Database Exports and Imports

OBJECT_CONSISTENT

Restrictions When Using the QUERY Parameter

RESUMABLE_TIMEOUT

Table Name Restrictions

TRANSPORT_TABLESPACE

USERID (username/password)

Import Parameters

RESUMABLE_TIMEOUT

SKIP_UNUSABLE_INDEXES

STREAMS_CONFIGURATION

STREAMS_INSTANTIATION

Table Name Restrictions

TOID_NOVALIDATE

TRANSPORT_TABLESPACE

USERID (username/password)

Example Export Sessions

Example Export Session in Full Database Mode

Example Export Session in User Mode

Example Export Sessions in Table Mode

Example 1: DBA Exporting Tables for Two Users

Example 2: User Exports Tables That He Owns

Example 3: Using Pattern Matching to Export Various Tables

Example Export Session Using Partition-Level Export

Example 1: Exporting a Table Without Specifying a Partition

Example 2: Exporting a Table with a Specified Partition

Example 3: Exporting a Composite Partition

Example Import Sessions

Example Import of Selected Tables for a Specific User

Example Import of Tables Exported by Another User

Example Import of Tables from One User to Another

Example Import Session Using Partition-Level Import

Example 1: A Partition-Level Import

Example 2: A Partition-Level Import of a Composite Partitioned Table

Example 3: Repartitioning a Table on a Different Column

Example Import Using Pattern Matching to Import Various Tables

Using Export and Import to Move a Database Between Platforms

Warning, Error, and Completion Messages

Warning Messages

Nonrecoverable Error Messages

Completion Messages

Exit Codes for Inspection and Display

Network Considerations

Transporting Export Files Across a Network

Exporting and Importing with Oracle Net

Character Set and Globalization Support Considerations

Effect of Character Set Sorting Order on Conversions

Data Definition Language (DDL)

Single-Byte Character Sets and Export and Import

Multibyte Character Sets and Export and Import

Materialized Views and Snapshots

Importing a Snapshot

Importing a Snapshot into a Different Schema

Transportable Tablespaces

Read-Only Tablespaces

Dropping a Tablespace

Reorganizing Tablespaces

Support for Fine-Grained Access Control

Using Instance Affinity with Export and Import

Reducing Database Fragmentation

Using Storage Parameters with Export and Import

The OPTIMAL Parameter

Storage Parameters for OID Indexes and LOB Columns

Overriding Storage Parameters

The Export COMPRESS Parameter

Information Specific to Export

Conventional Path Export Versus Direct Path Export

Invoking a Direct Path Export

Security Considerations for Direct Path Exports

Performance Considerations for Direct Path Exports

Restrictions for Direct Path Exports

Exporting from a Read-Only Database

Considerations When Exporting Database Objects

Exporting Sequences

Exporting LONG and LOB Datatypes

Exporting Foreign Function Libraries

Exporting Offline Locally Managed Tablespaces

Exporting Directory Aliases

Exporting BFILE Columns and Attributes

Exporting External Tables

Exporting Object Type Definitions

Exporting Nested Tables

Exporting Advanced Queue (AQ) Tables

Exporting Synonyms

Possible Export Errors Related to Java Synonyms

Information Specific to Import

Error Handling During an Import Operation

Errors Importing Database Objects

Controlling Index Creation and Maintenance

Delaying Index Creation

Index Creation and Maintenance Controls

Importing Statistics

Tuning Considerations for Import Operations

Changing System-Level Options

Changing Initialization Parameters

Changing Import Options

Dealing with Large Amounts of LOB Data

Dealing with Large Amounts of LONG Data

Considerations When Importing Database Objects

Importing Object Identifiers

Importing Existing Object Tables and Tables That Contain Object Types

Importing Nested Tables

Importing REF Data

Importing BFILE Columns and Directory Aliases

Importing Foreign Function Libraries

Importing Stored Procedures, Functions, and Packages

Importing Java Objects

Importing External Tables

Importing Advanced Queue (AQ) Tables

Importing LONG Columns

Importing LOB Columns When Triggers Are Present

Importing Views

Importing Partitioned Tables

Using Export and Import to Partition a Database Migration

Advantages of Partitioning a Migration

Disadvantages of Partitioning a Migration

How to Use Export and Import to Partition a Database Migration

Using Different Releases and Versions of Export

Restrictions When Using Different Releases and Versions of Export and Import

Examples of Using Different Releases of Export and Import

Creating Oracle Release 8.0 Export Files from an Oracle9i Database

20 ASM Command-Line Utility (ASMCMD)

About ASM Files, Filenames, Directories, and Aliases

Preparing to Run ASMCMD

Running ASMCMD in Interactive Mode

Running ASMCMD in Noninteractive Mode

ASMCMD Command Reference

Part V Appendixes

A SQL*Loader Syntax Diagrams

B Backus-Naur Form Syntax

Index