| | | Set up a pipe. |
| > | Redirect output to a file. |
| < | Redirect input from a file. |
| >> | Append output to an existing file. |
| / | Separator used in pathnames. |
| . | Current directory. |
| .. | Parent directory. |
| & | Process command in the background. |
| * | Match any number of characters in filename. |
| ? | Match any single character in filename. |
| [] | Match any one of the enclosed characters in filename. |
| ; | Command separator. |
| () | Group commands. |