Contents

Title and Copyright Information

Preface

• Audience
• Documentation Accessibility
• Related Documents
• Conventions

What's New in Application Development?

• Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (10.2) New Features
• Oracle Database 10g Release 1 (10.1) New Features

1 Orientation to Oracle Programmatic Environments

• Overview of Oracle Application Development
• Overview of PL/SQL
• • What Is PL/SQL?
  • Advantages of PL/SQL
  • • Integration with Oracle Database
    • High Performance
    • High Productivity
    • Scalability
    • Manageability
    • Object-Oriented Programming Support
    • Portability
    • Security
    • Built-In Packages
  • PL/SQL Web Development Tools
• Overview of Java Support Built Into the Database
• • Overview of Oracle JVM
  • Overview of Oracle Extensions to JDBC
  • • JDBC Thin Driver
    • JDBC OCI Driver
    • JDBC Server-Side Internal Driver
    • Oracle Database Extensions to JDBC Standards
    • Sample JDBC 2.0 Program
    • Sample Pre-2.0 JDBC Program
    • JDBC in SQLJ Applications
  • Overview of Oracle SQLJ
  • • Benefits of SQLJ
    • Comparing SQLJ with JDBC
    • SQLJ Stored Procedures in the Server
  • Overview of Oracle JPublisher
  • Overview of Java Stored Procedures
  • Overview of Oracle Database Web Services
  • • Oracle Database as a Web Service Provider
  • Overview of Writing Procedures and Functions in Java
  • • Overview of Writing Database Triggers in Java
    • Why Use Java for Stored Procedures and Triggers?
• Overview of Pro*C/C++
• • Implementing a Pro*C/C++ Application
  • Highlights of Pro*C/C++ Features
• Overview of Pro*COBOL
• • How You Implement a Pro*COBOL Application
  • Highlights of Pro*COBOL Features
• Overview of OCI and OCCI
• • Advantages of OCI
  • Parts of the OCI
  • Procedural and Non-Procedural Elements
  • Building an OCI Application
• Overview of Oracle Data Provider for .NET (ODP.NET)
• • Using ODP.NET in a Simple Application
• Overview of Oracle Objects for OLE (OO4O)
• • OO4O Automation Server
  • OO4O Object Model
  • • OraSession
    • OraServer
    • OraDatabase
    • OraDynaset
    • OraField
    • OraMetaData and OraMDAttribute
    • OraParameters and OraParameter
    • OraParamArray
    • OraSQLStmt
    • OraAQ
    • OraAQMsg
    • OraAQAgent
  • Support for Oracle LOB and Object Datatypes
  • • OraBLOB and OraCLOB
    • OraBFILE
  • Oracle Data Control
  • Oracle Objects for OLE C++ Class Library
  • Additional Sources of Information
• Choosing a Programming Environment
• • Choosing Whether to Use OCI or a Precompiler
  • Using Built-In Packages and Libraries
  • Java Compared to PL/SQL
  • • PL/SQL Is Optimized for Database Access
    • PL/SQL Is Integrated with the Database
    • Both Java and PL/SQL Have Object-Oriented Features
    • Java Is Used for Open Distributed Applications

Part I SQL for Application Developers

2 SQL Processing for Application Developers

• Grouping Operations into Transactions
• • Deciding How to Group Operations in Transactions
  • Improving Transaction Performance
  • Committing Transactions
  • • Managing Commit Redo Behavior
  • Rolling Back Transactions
  • Defining Transaction Savepoints
  • • An Example of COMMIT, SAVEPOINT, and ROLLBACK
• Ensuring Repeatable Reads with Read-Only Transactions
• Using Cursors within Applications
• • Declaring and Opening Cursors
  • Using a Cursor to Execute Statements Again
  • Closing Cursors
  • Cancelling Cursors
• Locking Data Explicitly
• • Choosing a Locking Strategy
  • • When to Lock with ROW SHARE and ROW EXCLUSIVE Mode
    • When to Lock with SHARE Mode
    • When to Lock with SHARE ROW EXCLUSIVE Mode
    • When to Lock in EXCLUSIVE Mode
    • Privileges Required
  • Letting Oracle Database Control Table Locking
  • Explicitly Acquiring Row Locks
• About User Locks
• • When to Use User Locks
  • Example of a User Lock
  • Viewing and Monitoring Locks
• Using Serializable Transactions for Concurrency Control
• • How Serializable Transactions Interact
  • Setting the Isolation Level of a Transaction
  • • The INITRANS Parameter
  • Referential Integrity and Serializable Transactions
  • • Using SELECT FOR UPDATE
  • READ COMMITTED and SERIALIZABLE Isolation
  • • Transaction Set Consistency
    • Comparison of READ COMMITTED and SERIALIZABLE Transactions
    • Choosing an Isolation Level for Transactions
  • Application Tips for Transactions
• Autonomous Transactions
• • Examples of Autonomous Transactions
  • • Entering a Buy Order
    • Example: Making a Bank Withdrawal
  • Defining Autonomous Transactions
  • Restrictions on Autonomous Transactions
• Resuming Execution After a Storage Error Condition
• • What Operations Can Be Resumed After an Error Condition?
  • Limitations on Resuming Operations After an Error Condition
  • Writing an Application to Handle Suspended Storage Allocation
  • Example of Resumable Storage Allocation

3 Using SQL Datatypes in Application Development

• Representing Data with SQL Datatypes: Overview
• Representing Character Data
• • Representing Character Data: Overview
  • Specifying Column Lengths as Bytes or Characters
  • Choosing Between the CHAR and VARCHAR2 Datatypes
  • Using Character Literals in SQL Statements
  • • Quoting Character Literals
• Representing Numeric Data
• • What Are the Numeric Datatypes?
  • Using Floating-Point Number Formats
  • • Using a Floating-Point Binary Format
    • Representing Special Values with Native Floating-Point Formats
  • Using Comparison Operators for Native Floating-Point Datatypes
  • Performing Arithmetic Operations with Native Floating-Point Datatypes
  • Using Conversion Functions with Native Floating-Point Datatypes
  • Client Interfaces for Native Floating-Point Datatypes
  • • OCI Native Floating-Point Datatypes SQLT_BFLOAT and SQLT_BDOUBLE
    • Native Floating-Point Datatypes Supported in Oracle OBJECT Types
    • Pro*C/C++ Support for Native Floating-Point Datatypes
• Representing Datetime Data
• • Representing Datetime Data: Overview
  • • Using the DATE Datatype
    • Using the TIMESTAMP Datatype
    • Using the TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE Datatype
    • Using the TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE Datatype
    • Representing the Difference Between Datetime Values
  • Manipulating the Date Format
  • • Changing the Default Date Format
    • Displaying the Current Date and Time
  • Manipulating the Time Format
  • Performing Date Arithmetic
  • Converting Between Datetime Types
  • Importing and Exporting Datetime Types
• Representing Specialized Data
• • Representing Geographic Data
  • Representing Multimedia Data
  • Representing Large Amounts of Data
  • • Using RAW and LONG RAW Datatypes
  • Representing Searchable Text
  • Representing XML
  • Representing Dynamically Typed Data
  • Representing Data with ANSI/ISO, DB2, and SQL/DS Datatypes
• Representing Conditional Expressions as Data
• Identifying Rows by Address
• • Querying the ROWID Pseudocolumn
  • Accessing the ROWID Datatype
  • • Restricted ROWID
    • Extended ROWID
    • External Binary ROWID
  • Accessing the UROWID Datatype
• How Oracle Database Converts Datatypes
• • Datatype Conversion During Assignments
  • Datatype Conversion During Expression Evaluation

4 Using Regular Expressions in Oracle Database

• Using Regular Expressions with Oracle Database: Overview
• • What Are Regular Expressions?
  • How Are Oracle Database Regular Expressions Useful?
  • Oracle Database Implementation of Regular Expressions
  • Oracle Database Support for the POSIX Regular Expression Standard
• Regular Expression Metacharacters in Oracle Database
• • POSIX Metacharacters in Oracle Database Regular Expressions
  • Regular Expression Operator Multilingual Enhancements
  • Perl-Influenced Extensions in Oracle Regular Expressions
• Using Regular Expressions in SQL Statements: Scenarios
• • Using an Integrity Constraint to Enforce a Phone Number Format
  • Using Back References to Reposition Characters

5 Using Indexes in Application Development

• Guidelines for Application-Specific Indexes
• • Create Indexes After Inserting Table Data
  • Switch Your Temporary Tablespace to Avoid Space Problems Creating Indexes
  • Index the Correct Tables and Columns
  • Limit the Number of Indexes for Each Table
  • Choose the Order of Columns in Composite Indexes
  • Gather Statistics to Make Index Usage More Accurate
  • Drop Indexes That Are No Longer Required
  • Privileges Required to Create an Index
• Creating Indexes: Basic Examples
• When to Use Domain Indexes
• When to Use Function-Based Indexes
• • Advantages of Function-Based Indexes
  • Examples of Function-Based Indexes
  • • Example: Function-Based Index for Case-Insensitive Searches
    • Example: Precomputing Arithmetic Expressions with a Function-Based Index
    • Example: Function-Based Index for Language-Dependent Sorting
  • Restrictions for Function-Based Indexes

6 Maintaining Data Integrity in Application Development

• Overview of Integrity Constraints
• • When to Enforce Business Rules with Integrity Constraints
  • • Example of an Integrity Constraint for a Business Rule
  • When to Enforce Business Rules in Applications
  • Creating Indexes for Use with Constraints
  • When to Use NOT NULL Integrity Constraints
  • When to Use Default Column Values
  • Setting Default Column Values
  • Choosing a Table's Primary Key
  • When to Use UNIQUE Key Integrity Constraints
  • Constraints On Views: for Performance, Not Data Integrity
• Enforcing Referential Integrity with Constraints
• • About Nulls and Foreign Keys
  • Defining Relationships Between Parent and Child Tables
  • Rules for Multiple FOREIGN KEY Constraints
  • Deferring Constraint Checks
  • • Guidelines for Deferring Constraint Checks
• Managing Constraints That Have Associated Indexes
• • Minimizing Space and Time Overhead for Indexes Associated with Constraints
• Guidelines for Indexing Foreign Keys
• About Referential Integrity in a Distributed Database
• When to Use CHECK Integrity Constraints
• • Restrictions on CHECK Constraints
  • Designing CHECK Constraints
  • Rules for Multiple CHECK Constraints
  • Choosing Between CHECK and NOT NULL Integrity Constraints
• Examples of Defining Integrity Constraints
• • Example: Defining Integrity Constraints with the CREATE TABLE Command
  • Example: Defining Constraints with the ALTER TABLE Command
  • Privileges Required to Create Constraints
  • Naming Integrity Constraints
• Enabling and Disabling Integrity Constraints
• • Why Disable Constraints?
  • About Exceptions to Integrity Constraints
  • Enabling Constraints
  • Creating Disabled Constraints
  • Enabling and Disabling Existing Integrity Constraints
  • • Enabling Existing Constraints
    • Disabling Existing Constraints
    • Tip: Using the Data Dictionary to Find Constraints
  • Guidelines for Enabling and Disabling Key Integrity Constraints
  • Fixing Constraint Exceptions
• Altering Integrity Constraints
• • Renaming Integrity Constraints
• Dropping Integrity Constraints
• Managing FOREIGN KEY Integrity Constraints
• • Datatypes and Names for Foreign Key Columns
  • Limit on Columns in Composite Foreign Keys
  • Foreign Key References Primary Key by Default
  • Privileges Required to Create FOREIGN KEY Integrity Constraints
  • Choosing How Foreign Keys Enforce Referential Integrity
• Viewing Definitions of Integrity Constraints
• • Examples of Defining Integrity Constraints

Part II PL/SQL for Application Developers

7 Coding PL/SQL Procedures and Packages

• Overview of PL/SQL Program Units
• • Anonymous Blocks
  • Stored Program Units (Procedures, Functions, and Packages)
  • • Naming Procedures and Functions
    • Parameters for Procedures and Functions
    • Creating Stored Procedures and Functions
    • Altering Stored Procedures and Functions
    • Dropping Procedures and Functions
    • External Procedures
    • PL/SQL Packages
    • PL/SQL Object Size Limitation
    • Creating Packages
    • Naming Packages and Package Objects
    • Package Invalidations and Session State
    • Packages Supplied With Oracle Database
    • Overview of Bulk Binds
    • When to Use Bulk Binds
    • Triggers
• Compiling PL/SQL Procedures for Native Execution
• Remote Dependencies
• • Timestamps
  • • Disadvantages of the Timestamp Model
  • Signatures
  • • When Does a Signature Change?
    • Examples of Changing Procedure Signatures
  • Controlling Remote Dependencies
  • • Dependency Resolution
    • Suggestions for Managing Dependencies
• Cursor Variables
• • Declaring and Opening Cursor Variables
  • Examples of Cursor Variables
  • • Fetching Data
    • Implementing Variant Records
• Handling PL/SQL Compile-Time Errors
• Handling Run-Time PL/SQL Errors
• • Declaring Exceptions and Exception Handling Routines
  • Unhandled Exceptions
  • Handling Errors in Distributed Queries
  • Handling Errors in Remote Procedures
• Debugging Stored Procedures
• Calling Stored Procedures
• • A Procedure or Trigger Calling Another Procedure
  • Interactively Calling Procedures From Oracle Database Tools
  • Calling Procedures within 3GL Applications
  • Name Resolution When Calling Procedures
  • Privileges Required to Execute a Procedure
  • Specifying Values for Procedure Arguments
• Calling Remote Procedures
• • Remote Procedure Calls and Parameter Values
  • Referencing Remote Objects
  • Synonyms for Procedures and Packages
• Calling Stored Functions from SQL Expressions
• • Using PL/SQL Functions
  • Syntax for SQL Calling a PL/SQL Function
  • Naming Conventions
  • • Name Precedence
    • Arguments
    • Using Default Values
    • Privileges
  • Requirements for Calling PL/SQL Functions from SQL Expressions
  • Controlling Side Effects
  • • Restrictions
    • Declaring a Function
    • Parallel Query and Parallel DML
    • PRAGMA RESTRICT_REFERENCES – for Backward Compatibility
  • Serially Reusable PL/SQL Packages
  • • Package States
    • Why Serially Reusable Packages?
    • Syntax of Serially Reusable Packages
    • Semantics of Serially Reusable Packages
    • Examples of Serially Reusable Packages
• Returning Large Amounts of Data from a Function
• Coding Your Own Aggregate Functions

8 Coding Dynamic SQL

• What Is Dynamic SQL?
• • Programming with Dynamic SQL
• Why Use Dynamic SQL?
• • Executing DDL and SCL Statements in PL/SQL
  • Executing Dynamic Queries
  • Referencing Database Objects that Do Not Exist at Compilation
  • Optimizing Execution Dynamically
  • Executing Dynamic PL/SQL Blocks
  • Performing Dynamic Operations Using Invoker's Rights
• Developing with Native Dynamic SQL: Scenario
• • Sample DML Operation Using Native Dynamic SQL
  • Sample DDL Operation Using Native Dynamic SQL
  • Sample Single-Row Query Using Native Dynamic SQL
  • Sample Multiple-Row Query with Native Dynamic SQL
• Choosing Between Native Dynamic SQL and the DBMS_SQL Package
• • Advantages of Native Dynamic SQL
  • • Native Dynamic SQL is Easy to Use
    • Native Dynamic SQL is Faster than DBMS_SQL
    • Native Dynamic SQL Supports User-Defined Types
    • Native Dynamic SQL Supports Fetching into Records
  • Advantages of the DBMS_SQL Package
  • • DBMS_SQL is Supported in Client-Side Programs
    • DBMS_SQL Supports Statements with Unknown Number of Inputs or Outputs
    • DBMS_SQL Supports SQL Statements Larger than 32 KB
    • DBMS_SQL Lets You Reuse SQL Statements
  • Examples of DBMS_SQL Package Code and Native Dynamic SQL Code
  • • Querying with Dynamic SQL: Example
    • Performing DML with Dynamic SQL: Example
    • Performing DML with RETURNING Clause Using Dynamic SQL: Example
• Avoiding SQL Injection in PL/SQL
• • Overview of SQL Injection Techniques
  • • Statement Modification
    • Statement Injection
  • Guarding Against SQL Injection
  • • Using Bind Variables to Guard Against SQL Injection
    • Using Validation Checks to Guard Against SQL Injection

9 Coding Triggers

• Designing Triggers
• Creating Triggers
• • Types of Triggers
  • • Overview of System Events
    • Getting the Attributes of System Events
  • Naming Triggers
  • When Is the Trigger Fired?
  • • Do Import and SQL*Loader Fire Triggers?
    • How Column Lists Affect UPDATE Triggers
  • Controlling When a Trigger Is Fired (BEFORE and AFTER Options)
  • Ordering of Triggers
  • Modifying Complex Views (INSTEAD OF Triggers)
  • • Views that Require INSTEAD OF Triggers
    • INSTEAD OF Trigger Example
    • Object Views and INSTEAD OF Triggers
    • Triggers on Nested Table View Columns
  • Firing Triggers One or Many Times (FOR EACH ROW Option)
  • Firing Triggers Based on Conditions (WHEN Clause)
• Coding the Trigger Body
• • Accessing Column Values in Row Triggers
  • • Example: Modifying LOB Columns with a Trigger
    • INSTEAD OF Triggers on Nested Table View Columns
    • Avoiding Name Conflicts with Triggers (REFERENCING Option)
    • Detecting the DML Operation That Fired a Trigger
    • Error Conditions and Exceptions in the Trigger Body
  • Triggers on Object Tables
  • Triggers and Handling Remote Exceptions
  • Restrictions on Creating Triggers
  • Who Is the Trigger User?
  • Privileges Needed to Work with Triggers
• Compiling Triggers
• • Dependencies for Triggers
  • Recompiling Triggers
• Modifying Triggers
• • Debugging Triggers
• Enabling and Disabling Triggers
• • Enabling Triggers
  • Disabling Triggers
• Viewing Information About Triggers
• Examples of Trigger Applications
• Responding to System Events through Triggers
• • How Events Are Published Through Triggers
  • Publication Context
  • Error Handling
  • Execution Model
  • Event Attribute Functions
  • List of Database Events
  • • System Events
    • Client Events

10 Developing Flashback Applications

• Overview of Flashback Features
• • Application Development Features
  • Database Administration Features
• Database Administration Tasks Before Using Flashback Features
• Using Flashback Query (SELECT ... AS OF)
• • Examining Past Data: Example
  • Tips for Using Flashback Query
• Using the DBMS_FLASHBACK Package
• Using ORA_ROWSCN
• Using Flashback Version Query
• Using Flashback Transaction Query
• • Flashback Transaction Query and Flashback Version Query: Example
• Flashback Tips
• • Flashback Tips – Performance
  • Flashback Tips – General

11 Developing Applications with the PL/SQL Web Toolkit

• Developing PL/SQL Web Applications: Overview
• • Invoking a PL/SQL Web Application
  • Implementing a PL/SQL Web Application
  • • PL/SQL Web Toolkit
• Using the mod_plsql Gateway
• Generating HTML Output with PL/SQL
• Passing Parameters to a PL/SQL Web Application
• • Passing List and Dropdown List Parameters from an HTML Form
  • Passing Radio Button and Checkbox Parameters from an HTML Form
  • Passing Entry Field Parameters from an HTML Form
  • Passing Hidden Parameters from an HTML Form
  • Uploading a File from an HTML Form
  • Submitting a Completed HTML Form
  • Handling Missing Input from an HTML Form
  • Maintaining State Information Between Web Pages
• Performing Network Operations within PL/SQL Stored Procedures
• • Sending E-Mail from PL/SQL
  • Getting a Host Name or Address from PL/SQL
  • Working with TCP/IP Connections from PL/SQL
  • Retrieving the Contents of an HTTP URL from PL/SQL
  • Working with Tables, Image Maps, Cookies, and CGI Variables from PL/SQL

12 Developing PL/SQL Server Pages

• PL/SQL Server Pages: Overview
• • What Are PL/SQL Server Pages and Why Use Them?
  • Prerequisites for Developing and Deploying PL/SQL Server Pages
  • PSP and the HTP Package
  • PSP and Other Scripting Solutions
• Writing a PL/SQL Server Page
• • Specifying Basic Server Page Characteristics
  • • Specifying the Scripting Language
    • Returning Data to the Client
    • Handling Script Errors
  • Accepting User Input
  • Naming the PL/SQL Stored Procedure
  • Including the Contents of Other Files
  • Declaring Global Variables in a PSP Script
  • Specifying Executable Statements in a PSP Script
  • Substituting an Expression Result in a PSP Script
  • Quoting and Escaping Strings in a PSP Script
  • Including Comments in a PSP Script
• Loading a PL/SQL Server Page into the Database
• • Querying PSP Source Code
• Executing a PL/SQL Server Page Through a URL
• Examples of PL/SQL Server Pages
• • Setup for PL/SQL Server Pages Examples
  • Printing the Sample Table with a Loop
  • Allowing a User Selection
  • Using an HTML Form to Call a PL/SQL Server Page
  • • Including JavaScript in a PSP File
• Debugging PL/SQL Server Page Problems
• Putting PL/SQL Server Pages into Production

13 Developing Applications with Database Change Notification

• What Is Database Change Notification?
• Using Database Change Notification in the Middle Tier
• Registering Queries for Database Change Notification
• • Privileges
  • What Is a Database Change Registration?
  • Supported Query Types
  • Registration Properties
  • Drop Table
  • Interfaces for Database Change Registration
  • Creating a PL/SQL Stored Procedure as the Change Notification Recipient
  • Registering Queries for Change Notification Through PL/SQL
  • • Creating a CHNF$_REG_INFO Object
    • Creating a Registration with DBMS_CHANGE_NOTIFICATION
    • Adding Objects to an Existing Registration
• Querying Change Notification Registrations
• Interpreting a Database Change Notification
• • Interpreting a CHNF$_DESC Object
  • • Interpreting a CHNF$_TDESC Object
    • Interpreting a CHNF$_RDESC Object
• Configuring Database Change Notification: Scenario
• • Creating a PL/SQL Callback Procedure
  • Registering the Query
• Best Practices
• Troubleshooting

Part III Advanced Topics for Application Developers

14 Calling External Procedures

• Overview of Multi-Language Programs
• What Is an External Procedure?
• Overview of The Call Specification for External Procedures
• Loading External Procedures
• • Loading Java Class Methods
  • Loading External C Procedures
• Publishing External Procedures
• • The AS LANGUAGE Clause for Java Class Methods
  • The AS LANGUAGE Clause for External C Procedures
  • • LIBRARY
    • NAME
    • LANGUAGE
    • CALLING STANDARD
    • WITH CONTEXT
    • PARAMETERS
    • AGENT IN
• Publishing Java Class Methods
• Publishing External C Procedures
• Locations of Call Specifications
• Passing Parameters to External C Procedures with Call Specifications
• • Specifying Datatypes
  • External Datatype Mappings
  • BY VALUE/REFERENCE for IN and IN OUT Parameter Modes
  • The PARAMETERS Clause
  • Overriding Default Datatype Mapping
  • Specifying Properties
  • • INDICATOR
    • LENGTH and MAXLEN
    • CHARSETID and CHARSETFORM
    • Repositioning Parameters
    • Using SELF
    • Passing Parameters by Reference
    • WITH CONTEXT
    • Inter-Language Parameter Mode Mappings
• Executing External Procedures with the CALL Statement
• • Preconditions for External Procedures
  • • Privileges of External Procedures
    • Managing Permissions
    • Creating Synonyms for External Procedures
  • CALL Statement Syntax
  • Calling Java Class Methods
  • How the Database Server Calls External C Procedures
• Handling Errors and Exceptions in Multi-Language Programs
• Using Service Procedures with External C Procedures
• Doing Callbacks with External C Procedures
• • Object Support for OCI Callbacks
  • Restrictions on Callbacks
  • Debugging External Procedures
  • • Using Package DEBUG_EXTPROC
  • Demo Program
  • Guidelines for External C Procedures
  • Restrictions on External C Procedures

15 Developing Applications with Oracle XA

• X/Open Distributed Transaction Processing (DTP)
• • DTP Terminology
  • Required Public Information
• Oracle XA Library Interface Subroutines
• • XA Library Subroutines
  • Extensions to the XA Interface
• Developing and Installing XA Applications
• • Responsibilities of the DBA or System Administrator
  • Responsibilities of the Application Developer
  • Defining the xa_open() String
  • • Syntax of the xa_open() String
    • Required Fields for the xa_open() String
    • Optional Fields for the xa_open() String
  • Interfacing XA with Precompilers and OCI
  • • Using Precompilers with the Oracle XA Library
    • Using OCI with the Oracle XA Library
  • Managing Transaction Control with XA
  • • Examples of Precompiler Applications
  • Migrating Precompiler or OCI Applications to TPM Applications
  • Managing XA Library Thread Safety
  • • Specifying Threading in the Open String
    • Restrictions on Threading in XA
• Troubleshooting XA Applications
• • Accessing XA Trace Files
  • • The xa_open() String DbgFl
    • Trace File Locations
  • Managing In-Doubt or Pending Transactions
  • Using SYS Account Tables to Monitor XA Transactions
• XA Issues and Restrictions
• • Using Database Links in XA Applications
  • Managing Transaction Branches in XA Applications
  • Using XA with Oracle Real Application Clusters
  • • Managing Transaction Branches on Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC)
    • Managing Instance Recovery in Real Application Clusters
    • Global Uniqueness of XIDs in Real Application Clusters
  • SQL-Based XA Restrictions
  • • Rollbacks and Commits
    • DDL Statements
    • Session State
    • EXEC SQL
  • Miscellaneous Restrictions

16 Developing Applications on the Publish-Subscribe Model

• Introduction to Publish-Subscribe
• Publish-Subscribe Architecture
• Publish-Subscribe Concepts
• Examples of a Publish-Subscribe Mechanism

Index