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Index: E

IP packets

Building Internet Firewalls, 10.1.2. Packet Sniffing
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 16.3.1. Link-level Security
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.3.3. TELNET (TCP Port 23)

through log files : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 18.4.2. Eavesdropping Through Log Files

on the Web

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 18.4. Avoiding the Risks of Eavesdropping
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 18.4.2. Eavesdropping Through Log Files

X clients : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.3.21.2. X security

EBCDIC : sendmail, 30.8. Alphabetized F= Flags

ECB (electronic code book)

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.4.2. DES modes
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.6.2. des: The Data Encryption Standard

echo command : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 23.5. Tips on Using Passwords

Echo Message

TCP/IP Network Administration, 1.5.2. Internet Control Message Protocol
TCP/IP Network Administration, 7.2. The Minimal Routing Table

ECPA (Electronic Communications Privacy Act) : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 26.2.3. Federal Computer Crime Laws

edit FYIs (For Your Information) : TCP/IP Network Administration, 13.7. Summary

editing Makefile file : sendmail, 2.4. Preliminaries

editing wtmp file : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 10.1.3.1. Pruning the wtmp file

editors : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.2.7. Other initializations

buffers for : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.1.4. Trojan Horses

Emacs : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.2.3. GNU .emacs

ex

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 5.5.3.2. Another SUID example: IFS and the /usr/lib/preserve
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.2.4. .exrc
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.2.7. Other initializations

startup file attacks : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.2.4. .exrc

vi

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 5.5.3.2. Another SUID example: IFS and the /usr/lib/preserve
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.2.4. .exrc
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.2.7. Other initializations

edquota command : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 25.2.2.5. Using quotas

EDS : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, F.3.4.11. EDS and EDS customers worldwide

edu domain : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.3.1. The Domain Hierarchy

EF_DELETE_BCC flag : sendmail, 23.9. The qf File Internals

EF_HAS8BIT flag : sendmail, 23.9. The qf File Internals

EF_NO_BODY_RETN flag : sendmail, 20.2.1. Accept Mail Only From Our Domain

EF_RESPONSE flag : sendmail, 23.9. The qf File Internals

EF_WARNING flag : sendmail, 23.9. The qf File Internals

effective UIDs/GIDs

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 4.3.1. Real and Effective UIDs
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 5.5. SUID
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 10.1.2.1. su commandutmp and wtmp files andsu
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, C.1.3.2. Process real and effective UID

EGP (Exterior Gateway Protocol)

TCP/IP Network Administration, 2.4. Internet Routing Architecture
TCP/IP Network Administration, 7.5.1. Exterior Gateway Protocol
TCP/IP Network Administration, 11.9. Simple Network Management Protocol
neighbors : TCP/IP Network Administration, 7.5.1. Exterior Gateway Protocol
statement (in gated) : TCP/IP Network Administration, B.8.6. The egp Statement

EHLO command (SMTP)

sendmail, 4.2. Verbose (-v)
sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference
TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
TCP/IP Network Administration, 10.8. Testing sendmail.cf

EightBitMode encoding

sendmail, 30.8. Alphabetized F= Flags
sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

8mm video tape : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 7.1.4. Guarding Against Media Failure

electrical fires

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 12.2.1.2. Smoke
(see also fires; smoke and smoking)

electronic breakins : (see breakins; cracking)

electronic code book (ECB)

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.4.2. DES modes
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.6.2. des: The Data Encryption Standard

Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA) : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 26.2.3. Federal Computer Crime Laws

electronic mail

sendmail, 1. Introduction
(see email)
addresses : (see addresses)
messages : (see messages)

electrical noise : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 12.2.1.8. Electrical noise

electronic sabotage : (see denial of service)

ElGamal algorithm

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.2. Summary of Public Key Systems
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.5.3. Digital Signatures

elm (mail system) : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.2.5. .forward, .procmailrc

emacs editor : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.2.7. Other initializations

.emacs file : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.2.3. GNU .emacs

email

Building Internet Firewalls, 2.1. Electronic Mail

Building Internet Firewalls, 5.6. Selecting Services Provided by the

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.3.3. /usr/lib/aliases, /etc/aliases,

TCP/IP Network Administration, 1.7. Application Layer

(see also addresses)

(see also mail, servers)

(see also sendmail)

accepted by programs : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.3.4.1. sendmail and security

action, in Swatch program : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 10.6.2. The Swatch Configuration File

addresses

Building Internet Firewalls, 2.7. Information About People
TCP/IP Network Administration, 13.3.1. archie

alias back door : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.1.2. Back Doors and Trap Doors

aliases

TCP/IP Network Administration, 10.3. sendmail Aliases
(see aliases/aliasing)

Archie access via : Building Internet Firewalls, 8.7.3.3. Providing Archie service to your

bombs : sendmail, 20.2.6. Reject Mail from Spamming or Mail-bombing Sites

configuring : Building Internet Firewalls, 8.1. Electronic Mail

copyrights on : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 26.4.2. Copyright Infringement

delivering : TCP/IP Network Administration, 1.7. Application Layer

delivery agents (MTAs)

Building Internet Firewalls, 8.1. Electronic Mail

sendmail, 1.1. MUA Versus MTA

sendmail, 5.3.1. Mail Delivery Agents

sendmail, 6.2. Define a Mail Delivery Agent

sendmail, 30. Delivery Agents

(see also M configuration command)

$# operator and

sendmail, 9.2.1. The Delivery Agent ($#)
sendmail, 28.6.5. Specify a Delivery Agent: $#

advantages to sendmail : sendmail, 18.1. To Use or Not to Use

choosing

sendmail, 9. Rule Set 0
sendmail, 9.5. Things to Try

declaring : sendmail, 19.3.2. MAILER()

default : sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

equates for : sendmail, 30.4. The Equates

for errors : sendmail, 9.4. The error Delivery Agent

expensive

sendmail, 23.6.1. Periodically with -q
sendmail, 30.8. Alphabetized F= Flags
sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

flags

sendmail, 6.3. The local Delivery Agent
sendmail, 6.4. Add the Missing Parts to Mhub
sendmail, 14.2. Headers Versus Delivery Agent Flags
sendmail, 30.8. Alphabetized F= Flags
sendmail, 35.4. ?flags? in Header Definitions

ignoring MX records : sendmail, 21.3.5. What? They Ignore MX Records?

local

sendmail, 6.3. The local Delivery Agent
sendmail, 19.6. Alphabetized m4 Macros

logging : sendmail, 26.1.3.4. mailer= the delivery agent used

printing list of : sendmail, 38.4.2. Show Delivery Agents with =M

as recipients : sendmail, 30.8. Alphabetized F= Flags

scripts via : sendmail, 24.3. Write a Delivery Agent Script

statistics : (see statistics)

symbolic name : sendmail, 30.2. The Symbolic Name

testing : sendmail, 38.5.6. Try a Delivery Agent with /try

UUCP : sendmail, 19.4.6. UUCP

Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA) : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 26.2.3. Federal Computer Crime Laws

ESMTP (Extended SMTP)

sendmail, 4.2. Verbose (-v)

sendmail, 23.9. The qf File Internals

sendmail, 30.8. Alphabetized F= Flags

TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

TCP/IP Network Administration, 10.8. Testing sendmail.cf

BODY parameter (ESMTP)

sendmail, 31.10. Alphabetized Reference
sendmail, 36.7. Alphabetized Reference

private extensions to : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

file transfers : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

firewalls : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 21.4.2. Electronic Mail

flooding : Building Internet Firewalls, 1.2.1.2. Denial of Service

forwarding (UUCP) : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 15.6.1. Mail Forwarding for UUCP

gateway : TCP/IP Network Administration, 4.5.3. Planning Your Mail System

growing importance of : TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.7.2. IMAP Server

harassment via : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 26.4.7. Harassment, Threatening Communication, and Defamation

logging : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 10.4.2. Mail

mailing lists, firewalls resources via : Building Internet Firewalls, A.3. Mailing Lists

messages

sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

TCP/IP Network Administration, 1.3. TCP/IP Protocol Architecture

TCP/IP Network Administration, 1.5.2. Internet Control Message Protocol

assigning priority to : TCP/IP Network Administration, 10.5.6. Defining Mail Precedence

blank lines ending : sendmail, 30.8. Alphabetized F= Flags

body of

sendmail, 1.6. The Body
sendmail, 23.2.2. The Data (Message Body) File: df
(see also -B switch (sendmail))

bouncing

sendmail, 10.3. Missing Addresses
sendmail, 13.2.2. Limit the Life of Queued Messages
sendmail, 14.4. Precedence
sendmail, 19.6. Alphabetized m4 Macros
sendmail, 22.8.3.4. The PostmasterCopy option
sendmail, 23.3.6. Savemail Panic
sendmail, 23.7.1. Handling a Down Site
sendmail, 24.4.1. The Postmaster Alias
sendmail, 25.5.1. Reply Versus Bounce
sendmail, 25.5.3. A list-bounced Alias
sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference
sendmail, 35.10. Alphabetized Reference
sendmail, 36.7. Alphabetized Reference
(see also $n macro)

content type : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

converting between 7- and 8-bit : sendmail, 18.8. Alphabetized Reference

delivering : (see delivery)

envelope : (see envelope)

encapsulated : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

error : (see errors)

flooding : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 25.3.2. Message Flooding

forged : sendmail, 22.7. Forged Mail

forwarding : sendmail, 35.7. Forwarding with Resent-Headers

forwarding loops : sendmail, 25.7.2. Forwarding Loops

headers for : (see headers, message)

holding : (see queue)

hop count : (see hop count)

hub's acceptance of : sendmail, 15.4. Hub Accepts Mail for Client

leading dots in : sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

limiting size of : sendmail, 20.2.3. Limit the Size of Guest Messages

multipart subtype : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

multiple objects in single : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

origin date of : (see $a macro)

priority of

sendmail, 14.4. Precedence
(see priority, message)

processing limits on : sendmail, 23.5. How the Queue Is Processed

queue

sendmail, 1.3.2. The Queue
sendmail, 4.1.2. Show Queue Mode (-bp)
sendmail, 13.2.2. Limit the Life of Queued Messages
sendmail, 23. The Queue
sendmail, 23.2. Parts of a Queued Message
sendmail, 23.2.3.2. Locks shown when printing the queue
sendmail, 23.4. Printing the Queue
sendmail, 23.5. How the Queue Is Processed
sendmail, 23.7.1. Handling a Down Site
sendmail, 23.8. Pitfalls
sendmail, 23.9. The qf File Internals
sendmail, 25.7.6. Force Requeue on Error
sendmail, 34.6.2. The Queue
sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference
sendmail, 36.7. Alphabetized Reference

rejecting

sendmail, 18.8. Alphabetized Reference
sendmail, 20.2.6. Reject Mail from Spamming or Mail-bombing Sites

relays for : sendmail, 19.4.5. Relays

sending

sendmail, 13.4. Sending Mail
sendmail, 14.5. Sending Real Mail

size of

sendmail, 26.1.3.10. size= the size of the message
sendmail, 30.4. The Equates
sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

stored in queue in error : sendmail, 23.9. The qf File Internals

time placed in queue : sendmail, 23.9. The qf File Internals

unique identifier for

sendmail, 13.4. Sending Mail
sendmail, 14.2.3. The Message-ID: Header
sendmail, 26.1.3.5. msgid= the Message-ID: identifier

phantom, monitoring : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.3.4.2. Using sendmail to receive email

processing addresses : TCP/IP Network Administration, 10.6.3. The Set Ruleset Command

queue

sendmail, 1.3.2. The Queue

sendmail, 23. The Queue

checkpointing : sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

down sites and : sendmail, 23.7.1. Handling a Down Site

lifetime

sendmail, 13.2.2. Limit the Life of Queued Messages
sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

message life : sendmail, 13.2.2. Limit the Life of Queued Messages

message parts : sendmail, 23.2. Parts of a Queued Message

printing

sendmail, 4.1.2. Show Queue Mode (-bp)
sendmail, 23.2.3.2. Locks shown when printing the queue
sendmail, 23.4. Printing the Queue
sendmail, 36.7. Alphabetized Reference

processing

sendmail, 23.5. How the Queue Is Processed
sendmail, 23.9. The qf File Internals
sendmail, 36.7. Alphabetized Reference

putting everything in : sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

requeuing on error : sendmail, 25.7.6. Force Requeue on Error

sendmail options for : sendmail, 34.6.2. The Queue

sorting : sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

time message placed in : sendmail, 23.9. The qf File Internals

troubleshooting : sendmail, 23.8. Pitfalls

why message is stored in : sendmail, 23.9. The qf File Internals

receiving by sendmail : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.3.4.2. Using sendmail to receive email

relay : TCP/IP Network Administration, 4.5.3. Planning Your Mail System

for RFCs : TCP/IP Network Administration, 13.4.1. Retrieving RFCs by mail

sendmail

Building Internet Firewalls, 2.1. Electronic Mail
(see also sendmail)

sending via CGI scripts : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 18.2.3.3. Sending mail

sent directly to file : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 15.7. Early Security Problems with UUCP

servers

TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4. Mail Services
TCP/IP Network Administration, 4.5.3. Planning Your Mail System
interoperability and : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

simplified addresses : TCP/IP Network Administration, 10.5.3. The Define Class Command

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

Building Internet Firewalls, 2.1. Electronic Mail

Building Internet Firewalls, 5.6. Selecting Services Provided by the

Building Internet Firewalls, 7.5. Proxying Without a Proxy Server

Building Internet Firewalls, 8.1.1. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.3.4. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) (TCP Port 25)

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.3.4.3. Improving the security of Berkeley sendmail V8

sendmail, 4.2. Verbose (-v)

sendmail, 18.8. Alphabetized Reference

TCP/IP Network Administration, 1.7. Application Layer

TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.1. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

commands, listed : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.1. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

configuring

Building Internet Firewalls, 8.1.1.6. Configuring SMTP to
Building Internet Firewalls, 9.1.1.3. SMTP
Building Internet Firewalls, 9.2.1.3. SMTP

EHLO command

sendmail, 4.2. Verbose (-v)
sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

ETRN command : sendmail, 23.6.2.4. Process the queue via ESMTP ETRN

EXPN command

sendmail, 22.3.2. SMTP vrfy and expn
sendmail, 22.8.3.5. The PrivacyOptions option

Extended : (see ESMTP)

forging mail with : sendmail, 22.7.2. Forging with SMTP

greeting message : sendmail, 31.10. Alphabetized Reference

HELO command

sendmail, 18.8. Alphabetized Reference
sendmail, 30.8. Alphabetized F= Flags
sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

incoming connection rate : sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

MAIL command

sendmail, 29.10.1. The check_mail Rule Set
sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

multiple connections : sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

multiple timeouts : sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

RCPT command

sendmail, 23.9. The qf File Internals
sendmail, 29.10.2. The check_rcpt Rule Set
sendmail, 36.7. Alphabetized Reference

refusing on high load : sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

running on stdin : sendmail, 36.7. Alphabetized Reference

sendmail and : TCP/IP Network Administration, 10.1. sendmail's Function

service extensions to : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

SMTP probes : sendmail, 22.3. SMTP Probes

standardizing on : TCP/IP Network Administration, 4.5.3. Planning Your Mail System

status codes : sendmail, B.1. Status file lines

for UNIX : (see Sendmail)

VRFY command

sendmail, 22.3.2. SMTP vrfy and expn
sendmail, 22.8.3.5. The PrivacyOptions option
sendmail, 30.8. Alphabetized F= Flags

startup file attacks : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.2.5. .forward, .procmailrc

tracing intruders : Building Internet Firewalls, 13.3. Pursuing and Capturing the

transport agents (MTAs) : (see delivery agents)

user agents : (see MUAs)

embedded commands : (see commands)

embezzlers : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.3. Authors

emergencies : (see disasters and disaster recovery)

emergency response organizations : (see response teams)

employees

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.3. Authors
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 13. Personnel Security
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 13.3. Outsiders
departure of : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 13.2.6. Departure
phonebook of : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 12.3.3. Other Media
security checklist for : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, A.1.1.12. Chapter 13: Personnel Security
targeted in legal investigation : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 26.2.5. If You or One of Your Employees Is a Target
trusting : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 27.3.1. Your Employees?
written authorization for : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 26.2.6. Other Tips

empty

email addresses

sendmail, 10.3. Missing Addresses
sendmail, 17.1.1.3. Handle null address
sendmail, 30.8. Alphabetized F= Flags

sendmail.cf file : sendmail, 5.2. The Minimal File

encapsulation

Building Internet Firewalls, 6.3. What Does a Packet Look Like?
Building Internet Firewalls, C.3. TCP/IP Protocol Architecture
TCP/IP Network Administration, 1.3. TCP/IP Protocol Architecture
of datagrams : TCP/IP Network Administration, 1.4. Network Access Layer
of mail messages : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

encoding

sendmail, 30.8. Alphabetized F= Flags

sendmail, 32.5. Alphabetized Reference

data : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

text

TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.6. Encryption

"Encrypted:" header line : sendmail, 35.10. Alphabetized Reference

encryption

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.2. What Is Encryption?

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.2.2. The Elements of Encryption

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 12.2.6.2. Encryption

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.4. Security Implications of Network Services

TCP/IP Network Administration, 4.2.1. Obtaining an IP Address

TCP/IP Network Administration, 6.3.4. PPP Daemon Security

TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.6. Encryption

(see also cryptography)

algorithms

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 2.5. The Problem with Security Through Obscurity

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.8. Proprietary Encryption Systems

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.6. Encryption Programs Available for UNIX

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.6.3.6. PGP detached signatures

crypt

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.6.1. UNIX crypt: The Original UNIX Encryption Command
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.6.1.3. Example

Digital Signature Algorithm

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.2. Summary of Public Key Systems
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.5.3. Digital Signatures

ElGamal : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.2. Summary of Public Key Systems

IDEA : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.1. Summary of Private Key Systems

RC2, RC4, and RC5

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.1. Summary of Private Key Systems
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.8. Proprietary Encryption Systems

ROT13 : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.3. ROT13: Great for Encoding Offensive Jokes

RSA

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.2. Summary of Public Key Systems
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.6. RSA and Public Key Cryptography
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.6.3. Strength of RSA

application-level

Building Internet Firewalls, 10.5.1. At What Level Do You Encrypt?
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 16.3.1. Link-level Security

of backups

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 7.1.6.3. Data security for backups
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 7.4.4. Encrypting Your Backups
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 12.3.2.4. Backup encryption

checklist for : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, A.1.1.5. Chapter 6: Cryptography

Data Encryption Standard (DES)

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.1. Summary of Private Key Systems
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.4. DES
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.5.2. Triple DES
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.6.2. des: The Data Encryption Standard

DCE and : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 3.2.2. The /etc/passwd File

Diffie-Hellman : (see Diffie-Hellman key exchange system)

end-to-end : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 16.3.1. Link-level Security

Enigma system

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.3. The Enigma Encryption System
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.6.1.1. The crypt program
(see also crypt command/algorithm)

escrowing keys

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.1.3. Modern Controversy
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 7.1.6.3. Data security for backups

of executables : Building Internet Firewalls, 5.8.2.2. How to disable services

exporting software : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 26.4.1. Munitions Export

of hypertext links : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 18.4.1. Eavesdropping Over the Wire

key distribution : Building Internet Firewalls, 10.5.4. Key Distribution

laws about

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.7. Encryption and U.S. Law
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.7.2. Cryptography and Export Controls

link-level : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 16.3.1. Link-level Security

of modems : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 14.6. Additional Security for Modems

multipart subtype : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

Netscape Navigator system : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 18.4.1. Eavesdropping Over the Wire

with network services : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.4. Security Implications of Network Services

network-level : Building Internet Firewalls, 10.5. Network-Level Encryption

one-time pad mechanism : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.7. An Unbreakable Encryption Algorithm

packet filtering perimeter and : Building Internet Firewalls, 10.5.3. Where Do You Encrypt?

of passwords

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 8.6. The UNIX Encrypted Password System
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 8.6.4. Crypt16() and Other Algorithms
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 23.5. Tips on Using Passwords

PGP : (see PGP)

private-key

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4. Common Cryptographic Algorithms
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.1. Summary of Private Key Systems
TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.6. Encryption

public-key

Building Internet Firewalls, 10. Authentication and Inbound
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4. Common Cryptographic Algorithms
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.2. Summary of Public Key Systems
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.6. RSA and Public Key Cryptography
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.6.3. Strength of RSA
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.5.3. Digital Signatures
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 18.3. Controlling Access to Files on Your Server
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 18.6. Dependence on Third Parties
TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.6. Encryption
breaking : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 19.3.4. Limitations of Secure RPC
PGP : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.6.3.2. Creating your PGP public key
proving identity with : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 19.3.1.1. Proving your identity

RC4 and RC5 algorithms : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.1. Summary of Private Key Systems

references on : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, D.1.5. Cryptography Books

Skipjack algorithm : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.1. Summary of Private Key Systems

superencryption : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.5. Improving the Security of DES

and superusers : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.2.4. Why Use Encryption with UNIX?

of time-stamp : Building Internet Firewalls, 10.2.2. Something You Know

uses for : TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.6. Encryption

of Web information : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 18.4.1. Eavesdropping Over the Wire

end systems : (see hosts)

end-of-line string : sendmail, 30.4. The Equates

end-to-end

data encryption

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 16.3.1. Link-level Security
TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.6. Encryption

routes

TCP/IP Network Administration, 2.5. The Routing Table
TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.1. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
TCP/IP Network Administration, 7.4.3. Open Shortest Path First
TCP/IP Network Administration, 7.5.2. Border Gateway Protocol
TCP/IP Network Administration, B.10. Control Statements

Energy Sciences Network (ESnet) : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, F.3.4.43. U.S. Department of Energy

Enigma encryption system

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.3. The Enigma Encryption System
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.6.1.1. The crypt program

enriched text subtype : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

enterprise

networks

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 16.1. Networking
TCP/IP Network Administration, 4.1. Connected and Non-Connected Networks

subnets : TCP/IP Network Administration, 5.2. Linux Kernel Configuration

enterpriseSpecific trap : TCP/IP Network Administration, 11.9. Simple Network Management Protocol

ENVDEF= directive : sendmail, 18.4.2. ENVDEF=

envelope

sendmail, 1.7. The Envelope

sendmail, 8.2. Why Rules?

DSN ENVID identifier

sendmail, 23.9. The qf File Internals
sendmail, 36.7. Alphabetized Reference

logging sender of : sendmail, 26.1.3.3. from= show envelope sender

masquerading : sendmail, 19.6. Alphabetized m4 Macros

original DSN : sendmail, 31.10. Alphabetized Reference

rewriting address of : sendmail, 29.3.1. V8 Enhancements

specifying recipient's address : sendmail, 29.10.2. The check_rcpt Rule Set

UDB rewrite on : sendmail, 30.8. Alphabetized F= Flags

ENVELOPE *e structure : sendmail, 20.1.1. Arguments Passed to checkcompat()

${envid} macro : sendmail, 31.10. Alphabetized Reference

environment variables

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.2.7. Other initializations
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 23.2. Tips on Avoiding Security-related Bugs
sendmail, 5.3.12. Environment variables
sendmail, 22.2. The Environment
sendmail, 36.4.2.1. Initialize the environment
E configuration command : sendmail, 22.2.1. The E Configuration Command

environment, physical

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 12.2.1. The Environment
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 12.2.1.13. Environmental monitoring

equal-cost multi-path routing : TCP/IP Network Administration, 7.4.3. Open Shortest Path First

equates

sendmail, 30.4. The Equates
(see also under specific equate)

equivalent hosts : TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.2.5. Secure the r Commands

erasing disks : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 12.3.2.3. Sanitize your media before disposal

erotica, laws governing : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 26.4.5. Pornography and Indecent Material

ERRLIST_PREDEFINED macro : sendmail, 18.8. Alphabetized Reference

errno variable : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 23.2. Tips on Avoiding Security-related Bugs

errno.h file : sendmail, B.1. Status file lines

error messages

ErrorHeader (E) option : sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

ErrorMode (e) option

sendmail, 34.1.3. Appropriateness of Options
sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference
sendmail, 36.7. Alphabetized Reference

errors

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 7.1.1.1. A taxonomy of computer failures

sendmail, 26.1. Logging with syslog

sendmail, 36.5.5. EX_OSERR A System Resource Error

(see also exit signal)

(see also logs/logging)

in ACLs : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 5.2.5.1. AIX Access Control Lists

addressing : sendmail, 8.2. Why Rules?

building with m4 : sendmail, 19.2. Build with m4

configuration : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 9.1. Prevention

correction, not provided in SLIP : TCP/IP Network Administration, 6.2.1. The Serial Protocols

delivery agent for

sendmail, 9.4. The error Delivery Agent
sendmail, 30.5.2. The error Delivery Agent

delivery failure count : sendmail, 23.9. The qf File Internals

detection

TCP/IP Network Administration, 1.5.1. Internet Protocol
TCP/IP Network Administration, 11.8. Protocol Case Study
end-to-end : TCP/IP Network Administration, 1.6. Transport Layer

DNS error numbers : sendmail, B.1. Status file lines

error message header : sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

human

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 7.1.4. Guarding Against Media Failure
TCP/IP Network Administration, 11.1.1. Troubleshooting Hints

ICMP codes for : Building Internet Firewalls, 6.4.2. Returning ICMP

illegal command-line switches : sendmail, 36.7. Alphabetized Reference

List:; form addresses

sendmail, 17.1.2.1. A rule to handle List:;
sendmail, 17.3. Rule Set 0

MIME format : sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

overwriting rule sets : sendmail, 8.4. Rules

recovery from : TCP/IP Network Administration, 1.5.1. Internet Protocol

requeuing in response to : sendmail, 25.7.6. Force Requeue on Error

rule set 0 for : sendmail, 17.3. Rule Set 0

on sending errors : sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

in sendmail.cf file : sendmail, 5.1. Overview

suppressing messages : sendmail, 12.2. The File Form of Class

temporary : sendmail, 36.5.8. EX_TEMPFAIL A Recoverable Error

UNIX error number : sendmail, B.1. Status file lines

"Errors-To:" header line

sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference
sendmail, 35.10. Alphabetized Reference

escape characters

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 14.5.3.1. Originate testing
sendmail, 35.3.2. Escape Character in the Header Field

escrowing encryption keys

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.1.3. Modern Controversy
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 7.1.6.3. Data security for backups

ESMTP (Extended SMTP)

sendmail, 4.2. Verbose (-v)

sendmail, 23.9. The qf File Internals

sendmail, 30.8. Alphabetized F= Flags

TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

TCP/IP Network Administration, 10.8. Testing sendmail.cf

BODY parameter (ESMTP)

sendmail, 31.10. Alphabetized Reference
sendmail, 36.7. Alphabetized Reference

private extensions to : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

ESnet (Energy Sciences Network) : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, F.3.4.43. U.S. Department of Energy

espionage

Building Internet Firewalls, 1.2.2.4. Spies (Industrial and
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.3. Authors

ESTABLISHED state : TCP/IP Network Administration, B.8.5. The bgp Statement

/etc directory

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.1.2. Back Doors and Trap Doors

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.3.5. System initialization files

backups of : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 7.1.3. Types of Backups

/etc/aliases file

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.3.3. /usr/lib/aliases, /etc/aliases,

sendmail, 3.1.1. The Aliases File

sendmail, 22.6. The Aliases File

sendmail, 24.1. The aliases(5) File

sendmail, 24.5. The Aliases Database

sendmail, 33.3.4.1. -A append values for duplicate keys (V8.7 and above)

sendmail, 33.8. Alphabetized Reference

sendmail, 36.7. Alphabetized Reference

TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.1. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.3. Network Information Service

in symbol table

sendmail, 24.5.4. No DBM Aliasing
sendmail, 33.8. Alphabetized Reference

/etc/aspppd.cf file : TCP/IP Network Administration, 6.3.6. Solaris PPP

/etc/auto_direct file : TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.1.4. NFS Automounter

/etc/auto_home file : TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.1.4. NFS Automounter

/etc/auto_master file : TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.1.4. NFS Automounter

/etc/bootptab file

TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.4. A BOOTP Server
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.6.1. rdist
configuration parameters : TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.4.2. BOOTP extensions
updating : TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.4.2. BOOTP extensions

/etc/default/login file : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 8.5.1. Secure Terminals

/etc/default/passwd file : TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.2.1. The Shadow Password File

/etc/defaultdomain file : TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.3. Network Information Service

/etc/dfs/dfstab file

TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.1.2.1. The share command
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.1.5.1. NFS print services

/etc/dhcpd.conf file : TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.5.1. dhcpd.conf

/etc/diphosts file : TCP/IP Network Administration, 6.4.3. SLIP Server Configuration

/etc/ethers file

TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.5.1. Reverse Address Resolution Protocol
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.3. Network Information Service
TCP/IP Network Administration, 11.4.2.1. ARP problem case study

/etc/exports file

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.6.1.2. Writable system files and directories
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 19.3.2.4. Using Secure NFS
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 20.2.1.1. /etc/exports
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 20.2.1.2. /usr/etc/exportfs
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.1.5.1. NFS print services

/etc/fbtab file : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.3.21.1. /etc/fbtab and /etc/logindevperm

/etc/fingerd program : (see finger service)

/etc/fsck program : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 24.4.1.7. Hidden files and directories

/etc/fstab file

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.1.2. Back Doors and Trap Doors
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 19.3.2.5. Mounting a secure filesystem
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.1.3.2. The vfstab and fstab files

/etc/ftpd : (see ftpd server)

/etc/ftpusers file : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.3.2.5. Restricting FTP with the standard UNIX FTP server

/etc/gated.conf file

TCP/IP Network Administration, 7.6. Gateway Routing Daemon
TCP/IP Network Administration, 7.7.1.1. A host configuration
TCP/IP Network Administration, 7.7.2.1. Running gated at startup

/etc/gateways file

TCP/IP Network Administration, 7.3.1.1. Installing static routes at startup
TCP/IP Network Administration, 7.4.1.1. Running RIP with routed

/etc/group file

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 1.2. What Is an Operating System?
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 4.1.3.1. The /etc/group file
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 4.2.3. Impact of the /etc/passwd and /etc/group
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 8.1.6. Group Accounts
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.3. Network Information Service
TCP/IP Network Administration, 13.2.1. Creating an FTP Server

/etc/halt command : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 24.2.6. Anatomy of a Break-in

/etc/hosts file

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 16.2.3.1. The /etc/hosts file
sendmail, 7.3.1. The hostname
sendmail, 18.8. Alphabetized Reference
sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference
TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.2. The Host Table
TCP/IP Network Administration, 6.1. The ifconfig Command
TCP/IP Network Administration, 7.3. Building a Static Routing Table
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.1.4. NFS Automounter
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.3. Network Information Service
creating : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.2. The Host Table
as maps : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.3.5. Network Information Service
modifying : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.3.4. BIND, resolver, and named

/etc/hosts.allow file : TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.5.1.1. tcpd access control files

/etc/hosts.deny file

Building Internet Firewalls, 5.8.3.1. Using the TCP Wrapper package to protect services
TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.5.1.1. tcpd access control files

/etc/hosts.equiv file

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.3.18.4. The ~/.rhosts file
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.3.18.6. /etc/hosts.lpd file
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 24.4.1.5. Changes to the hosts.equiv file
TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.2.5. Secure the r Commands
in security checks : TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.4.2. Looking for Trouble

/etc/hosts.lpd file

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.3.18.6. /etc/hosts.lpd file
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.2.1.1. LPD security
in security checks : TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.4.2. Looking for Trouble

/etc/inetd : (see inetd daemon)

/etc/inetd.conf file

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.3.2. inetd.conf
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.3. Primary UNIX Network Services
TCP/IP Network Administration, 5.4. The Internet Daemon
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.4. A BOOTP Server
editing in tcpd : TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.5.1. wrapper
removing daemons from : TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.3.1. Remove Unnecessary Software
in security checks : TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.4.2. Looking for Trouble

/etc/init program : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, C.5.1. Process #1: /etc/init

/etc/init.d directory : TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.1.1. NFS Daemons

autofs script : TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.1.4. NFS Automounter
inetinit script : TCP/IP Network Administration, 7.3.1.1. Installing static routes at startup
sendmail script : TCP/IP Network Administration, 10.2. Running sendmail as a Daemon

/etc/inittab : (see inittab program)

/etc/keystore file : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 19.3.1.1. Proving your identity

/etc/logindevperm file : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.3.21.1. /etc/fbtab and /etc/logindevperm

/etc/lp directory : TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.2.2. Solaris Line Printer Service

/etc/lp/Systems file : TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.2.2. Solaris Line Printer Service

/etc/motd file : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 26.2.6. Other Tips

/etc/named.boot file

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.3.6.1. DNS zone transfers
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.3.6.2. DNS nameserver attacks
TCP/IP Network Administration, 8.3.1. The named.boot File
TCP/IP Network Administration, 11.6.3. Cache corruption
TCP/IP Network Administration, C.1. The named Command
TCP/IP Network Administration, C.2. named.boot Configuration Commands

/etc/named.ca file : TCP/IP Network Administration, 11.6.3. Cache corruption

/etc/named.hosts file : TCP/IP Network Administration, 8.3.6. The named.hosts File

/etc/named.local file : TCP/IP Network Administration, 8.3.4. The named.local File

/etc/named.pid file : TCP/IP Network Administration, 11.6.3. Cache corruption

/etc/named.rev file : TCP/IP Network Administration, 8.3.5. The Reverse Domain File

/etc/networks file

TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.2. The Host Table
TCP/IP Network Administration, 6.1.3. Assigning a Subnet Mask
TCP/IP Network Administration, 7.3. Building a Static Routing Table
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.3. Network Information Service
as maps : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.3.5. Network Information Service

/etc/nsswitch.conf

sendmail, 7.3.1. The hostname
sendmail, D.4. L and G Configuration Commands
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.3.1. The nsswitch.conf file
TCP/IP Network Administration, E.4.2. sendmail Options

/etc/passwd file

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 1.2. What Is an Operating System?
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 3.2.1. The /etc/passwd File
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 3.2.2. The /etc/passwd File
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 4.2.3. Impact of the /etc/passwd and /etc/group
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 7.1.2. What Should You Back Up?
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 8.1.1. Accounts Without Passwords
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 8.6. The UNIX Encrypted Password System
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 15.1.4. How the UUCP Commands Work
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 24.4.1. New Accounts
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, C.5.1. Process #1: /etc/init
sendmail, 30.8. Alphabetized F= Flags
TCP/IP Network Administration, 6.3.5. PPP Server Configuration
TCP/IP Network Administration, 6.4.3. SLIP Server Configuration
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.1.5. NFS Authentication Server
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.3. Network Information Service
TCP/IP Network Administration, 10.4.1.1. Building a sendmail.cf with m4 macros
TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.2.1. The Shadow Password File
TCP/IP Network Administration, 13.2.1. Creating an FTP Server
+ in : (see NIS)
accounts without passwords : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 8.1.1. Accounts Without Passwords
backing up : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 7.1.2. What Should You Back Up?
gecos field : sendmail, 14.2.1. The Full-Name: Header
mail hubs and : sendmail, 6. The Mail Hub and Delivery Agents
new accounts : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 24.4.1. New Accounts
NFS : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 20.2.1.1. /etc/exports
protecting : TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.2. User Authentication
in security checks : TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.4.2. Looking for Trouble
trusted users and : sendmail, 14.6. Trusted User
user database class for : sendmail, 33.8. Alphabetized Reference
uucp user and : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 15.1.4. How the UUCP Commands Work

/etc/pcnfsd.conf file : TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.1.5.1. NFS print services

/etc/ppp directory, protecting : TCP/IP Network Administration, A.2. The PPP Daemon

/etc/ppp/options file

TCP/IP Network Administration, 6.3.1. The PPP Daemon
TCP/IP Network Administration, 6.3.2. Dial-Up PPP
TCP/IP Network Administration, A.2. The PPP Daemon

/etc/ppp/options.device file : TCP/IP Network Administration, A.2. The PPP Daemon

/etc/printcap file : TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.2.1. The printcap File

/etc/profile file

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.2.1. .login, .profile, /etc/profile
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 24.4.1.6. Changes to startup files

/etc/protocols file

TCP/IP Network Administration, 2.7.1. Protocol Numbers
TCP/IP Network Administration, 5.4. The Internet Daemon
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.3. Network Information Service

/etc/publickey file : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 19.3.2.1. Creating passwords for users

/etc/rc directory

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.3.5. System initialization files
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.1.2. Starting the Servers
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, C.5.1. Process #1: /etc/init
commenting out services : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.3. Primary UNIX Network Services
/etc/rc.d/rc.inet1 script : TCP/IP Network Administration, 7.3.1.1. Installing static routes at startup
/etc/rc.d/rc.M startup script : TCP/IP Network Administration, 10.2. Running sendmail as a Daemon
services started by : Building Internet Firewalls, 5.8.2.1. How are services managed?

/etc/remote file

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 10.3.1. aculog File
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 14.5.1. Hooking Up a Modem to Your Computer

/etc/renice command

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 25.2.1.2. System overload attacks
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, C.1.3.3. Process priority and niceness

/etc/resolv.conf file

TCP/IP Network Administration, 8.1.1. BIND Configurations
TCP/IP Network Administration, 8.2. Configuring the Resolver
TCP/IP Network Administration, 8.2.1. The Resolver Configuration File
TCP/IP Network Administration, 11.6.4. dig: An Alternative to nslookup

/etc/secure/passwd file : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 8.1.1. Accounts Without Passwords

/etc/security/passwd.adjunct file : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 8.8.5. Shadow Password Files

/etc/sendmail.cf : (see sendmail.cf configuration file)

/etc/sendmail.ct file : sendmail, 19.6. Alphabetized m4 Macros

/etc/sendmail.cw file : sendmail, 19.6. Alphabetized m4 Macros

/etc/sendmail/aliases file : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.3.3. /usr/lib/aliases, /etc/aliases,

/etc/services file

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.1.1. The /etc/services File
TCP/IP Network Administration, 5.4. The Internet Daemon
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.3. Network Information Service
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.4. A BOOTP Server
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.7.1. POP Server
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.7.2. IMAP Server

/etc/shadow file

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 8.1.1. Accounts Without Passwords
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 8.8.5. Shadow Password Files
TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.2.1. The Shadow Password File

/etc/shells file

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 8.4.2. Changing the Account's Login
sendmail, 18.8. Alphabetized Reference
sendmail, 22.8.4. The /etc/shells file
sendmail, D.1. Sun Enhancements

/etc/ssh_known_hosts file : TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.2.6. Secure Shell

/etc/syslogd

sendmail, 26.1.2. Tuning syslog.conf
TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.2. The Host Table
TCP/IP Network Administration, A.2. The PPP Daemon
TCP/IP Network Administration, A.3. chat

/etc/system file : TCP/IP Network Administration, 5.1. Kernel Configuration

/etc/tty files

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 7.1.2. What Should You Back Up?
sendmail, 18.8. Alphabetized Reference
TCP/IP Network Administration, 6.3.5. PPP Server Configuration
TCP/IP Network Administration, 6.4.4. Troubleshooting Serial Connections

/etc/ttys file

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 8.5.1. Secure Terminals
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 14.5.1. Hooking Up a Modem to Your Computer

/etc/ttytab file : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, C.5.1. Process #1: /etc/init

/etc/utmp file

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 10.1.2. utmp and wtmp Files
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 10.1.2.1. su commandutmp and wtmp files andsu
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 24.2.1. Catching One in the Act
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 24.2.4. Tracing a Connection

/etc/uucp directory : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 15.4.2.1. Some bad examples

/etc/yp/makedbm program : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 19.4.4.1. Setting up netgroups

/etc/yp.conf file : TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.3. Network Information Service

in restricted filesystems : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 8.1.5. Restricted Filesystem

Ethernet

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 16.1. Networking

TCP/IP Network Administration, 1.5.1.3. Fragmenting datagrams

TCP/IP Network Administration, 4.2.2. Defining the Subnet Mask

addresses : TCP/IP Network Administration, 1.4. Network Access Layer

identifying DHCP client by : TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.5.1. dhcpd.conf
keeping records of : TCP/IP Network Administration, 11.4.2. Troubleshooting with the arp Command

addresses for random seeds : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 23.8. Picking a Random Seed

cables : (see cables, network)

cards, configuring

TCP/IP Network Administration, 5.2. Linux Kernel Configuration
TCP/IP Network Administration, 6.1.1. Determining the Interface Name

eavesdropping by : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 12.3.1.2. Eavesdropping by Ethernet and 10Base-T

fast ports (100 Mbps) : TCP/IP Network Administration, 11.4.4. Subdividing an Ethernet

FreeBSD device drivers, listed : TCP/IP Network Administration, 5.3.1.3. Devices

interfaces

TCP/IP Network Administration, 5.3.1.3. Devices
TCP/IP Network Administration, 6.1. The ifconfig Command
TCP/IP Network Administration, 6.1.5.2. ARP and trailers
TCP/IP Network Administration, 6.1.5.6. Putting ifconfig in the startup files

LAN : TCP/IP Network Administration, 5.2. Linux Kernel Configuration

networks : TCP/IP Network Administration, 1.4. Network Access Layer

subdividing : TCP/IP Network Administration, 11.4.4. Subdividing an Ethernet

support in BSD : TCP/IP Network Administration, 5.3.1.2. Pseudo-device

switch : TCP/IP Network Administration, 11.4.4. Subdividing an Ethernet

Ethernet packet layer : Building Internet Firewalls, 6.3.1.1. Ethernet layer

ethers file

TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.5.1. Reverse Address Resolution Protocol
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.3. Network Information Service
TCP/IP Network Administration, 11.4.2.1. ARP problem case study

Ethers table (NIS+) : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 19.5.3. NIS+ Tables

ETRN command (SMTP) : sendmail, 23.6.2.4. Process the queue via ESMTP ETRN

Euler Totient Function : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.6.1. How RSA works

eval function

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 18.2.3.2. Testing is not enough!
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 18.2.3.3. Sending mail

evidence, equipment seized as : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 26.2.4. Hazards of Criminal Prosecution

ex editor

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 5.5.3.2. Another SUID example: IFS and the /usr/lib/preserve
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.2.4. .exrc
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.2.7. Other initializations

EX_CANTCREAT value : sendmail, 36.5.1. EX_CANTCREAT Can't Write a User's File

EX_CONFIG value : sendmail, 36.5.2. EX_CONFIG A Configuration Error

EX_IOERR value : sendmail, 36.5.3. EX_IOERR A System I/O Error Occurred

EX_OK value : sendmail, 36.5.4. EX_OK No Problems, All Was Fine

EX_OSERR value : sendmail, 36.5.5. EX_OSERR A System Resource Error

EX_OSFILE value : sendmail, 36.5.6. EX_OSFILE A Critical System File Failure

EX_SOFTWARE value : sendmail, 36.5.7. EX_SOFTWARE An Internal Software Error

EX_TEMPFAIL value : sendmail, 36.5.8. EX_TEMPFAIL A Recoverable Error

EX_UNAVAILABLE value : sendmail, 36.5.9. EX_UNAVAILABLE A Resource

EX_USAGE value : sendmail, 36.5.10. EX_USAGE A Command Was Used Incorrectly

exceptions : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, C.2. Creating Processes

exclamation mark (!) and mail command : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 15.1.3. mail Command

exclusive OR (XOR) : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.7. An Unbreakable Encryption Algorithm

exec (in Swatch program) : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 10.6.2. The Swatch Configuration File

exec system call

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 5.1.7. File Permissions in Detail
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 18.2.3.3. Sending mail
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 23.2. Tips on Avoiding Security-related Bugs
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 25.2.1.1. Too many processes

ExecCGI option : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 18.3.2. Commands Within the <Directory>

execl system call : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 23.4. Tips on Writing SUID/SGID Programs

execlp system call : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 23.4. Tips on Writing SUID/SGID Programs

executable files, in security checks : TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.4.2. Looking for Trouble

execute permission

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 5.1.7. File Permissions in Detail
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 5.4. Using Directory Permissions

execv system call : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 23.4. Tips on Writing SUID/SGID Programs

execve system call : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 23.4. Tips on Writing SUID/SGID Programs

execvp system call : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 23.4. Tips on Writing SUID/SGID Programs

exit signal

sendmail, 26.3.1. SIGINT Cleanup and Exit
sendmail, 36.5. sendmail's exit() Status

expanding addresses selectively : sendmail, D.3. K Command's -d switch

expanding macros : sendmail, 31.5. Macro Expansion: $ and $&

expect nothing ('')

TCP/IP Network Administration, 6.3.3. chat
TCP/IP Network Administration, A.3. chat

expect scripting language : TCP/IP Network Administration, A.1.1.1. A sample dip script

expensive delivery agents : sendmail, 30.8. Alphabetized F= Flags

expensive mailers

sendmail, 23.6.1. Periodically with -q
sendmail, 34.8. Alphabetized Reference

expire fields : TCP/IP Network Administration, 12.2.1. The Shadow Password File

expiring

accounts : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 8.4.3. Finding Dormant Accounts
FTP depositories : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 17.3.2.6. Setting up anonymous FTP with the standard UNIX FTP
passwords : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 8.8.6. Password Aging and Expiration

exploder lists : sendmail, 25.4. Exploder Mailing Lists

explosions : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 12.2.1.5. Explosion

EXPN command

sendmail, 22.3.2. SMTP vrfy and expn
sendmail, 22.8.3.5. The PrivacyOptions option
sendmail, 25.7.1. Unscrambling Forwards
TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.1. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

export laws : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 26.4.1. Munitions Export

cryptography

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.4.4.1. Use and export of DES
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 6.7.2. Cryptography and Export Controls

export statement (in gated) : TCP/IP Network Administration, B.10.2. The export Statement

exportfs command : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 20.2.1.2. /usr/etc/exportfs

exporting news via NFS : Building Internet Firewalls, 8.5.3.3. Exporting news to clients via

exports file

Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.6.1.2. Writable system files and directories
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 19.3.2.4. Using Secure NFS
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 20.2.1.1. /etc/exports
Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 20.2.1.2. /usr/etc/exportfs
TCP/IP Network Administration, 9.1.5.1. NFS print services

EXPOSED_USER macro (m4) : sendmail, 19.6. Alphabetized m4 Macros

.exrc file : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.5.2.4. .exrc

ext2 filesystem (Linux) : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 25.2.2.6. Reserved space

Extended SMTP (ESMTP)

sendmail, 4.2. Verbose (-v)

sendmail, 23.9. The qf File Internals

sendmail, 30.8. Alphabetized F= Flags

TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

TCP/IP Network Administration, 10.8. Testing sendmail.cf

BODY parameter (ESMTP)

sendmail, 31.10. Alphabetized Reference
sendmail, 36.7. Alphabetized Reference

private extensions to : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

extensibility

in monitors : TCP/IP Network Administration, 11.9. Simple Network Management Protocol
of SMTP : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

Exterior Gateway Protocol : (see EGP)

exterior routers : Building Internet Firewalls, 4.2.3.4. Exterior router

configuring : Building Internet Firewalls, 9.1.2.2. Exterior Router
merging with bastion host : Building Internet Firewalls, 4.3.3. It's OK to Merge
merging with interior router : Building Internet Firewalls, 4.3.2. It's OK to Merge the Interior Router and the Exterior Router
multiple : Building Internet Firewalls, 4.3.6. It's OK to Use

exterior routing protocols : TCP/IP Network Administration, 7.5. Exterior Routing Protocols

external

clients, and proxying : Building Internet Firewalls, 7.4.5. Internal Versus External Clients
programs on HTTP servers : Building Internet Firewalls, 8.6.3.1. What can a malicious client do to

external data representation (XDR) : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 19.2. Sun's Remote Procedure Call (RPC)

external databases : (see databases)

External-body message subtype : TCP/IP Network Administration, 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

extinguishers, fire : (see fires)

extortion : Practical UNIX & Internet Security, 11.3. Authors

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